1. Material irradiation tests meeting R2M, a spin-off from R2E
Indico
Elisa Guillermain

2. Meeting Agenda Meeting introduction Invited speakers
Why and how to perform irradiation tests on materials ?
Sum up of last year meeting Indico
TID irradiation tests performed in
Invited speakers
Tests of beam-intercepting devices, Elvis Fornasiere (EN-STI-TCD)
Irradiation tests of stripping foil control elements, Pieter Van Trappen (TE-ABT-EC)
TE-VSC irradiation tests, Pawel Wojciech Krakowski (TE-VSC-ICM)
Irradiation test of cooling liquids, Petr Gorbounov (EP-UAT)
Irradiation test of Piezos, Mark Butcher and Pablo Serrano Galvez (EN-STI-ECE)
Meeting conclusions
Documentation and archiving
Future tests

3. Material irradiation tests meeting Meeting Introduction
Elisa Guillermain

4. Radiation and materials
"Material" = full equipment, system or components, parts, bulk material, etc…
NOT beam intercepting devices
Subject to high fluencies and high displacement damage.
NOT electronics devices or components
Different radiation effects (single events) and different approaches for irradiation testing
Material radiation damage = Cumulative effects:
TID – Total ionizing dose
Modification of molecular bonds due to energy deposition
DD – Displacement damage (particle radiation only)
Atoms displacement within the material

5. Why R2M becomes more and more critical ?
In the LHC -> HL-LHC
Intensity increase, 25 ns operation (was 50 ns)
Now higher beam gas interactions
Ion runs has high impact on TID
Expected radiation level for 2017 are ~10x higher than 2015

6. Dose in the LHC BLM data Data for p-p 25 ns operation
Corinna Martinella (MCWG)

7. Dose in the injectors More and more location and equipment concerned
Intensity increase as well
Situation can be worst than in LHC
Cumulative effects
Old installations
Example of SPS
see EDMS
Luminosity and intensity increase
Increasing accumulated doses
More and more location and equipment concerned

8. Consequences of radiation damage
Material damage can lead to :
Beam dumps (Machine reliability)
Downtime for unforeseen maintenance (Machine availability)
Heavy maintenance (YETS, LS) : ALARA, costs, etc…
Radiation resistance often depends on exact composition of material
Can be decades of difference in same material families
Aim is to chose the best resistant among available possibilities
Purpose of irradiation tests of materials
Estimate the equipment lifetime at a specific position
Ensure the RELIABILITY of installed equipment
Reduce machine downtime
Respect ALARA principles
Save time and money

9. Role of the support team
Tests Coordination
Irradiation test scheduling and follow up
Combination of campaigns to perform together – saves money
Centralize the collaboration with external facilities
Contractual aspects
Clear overview of future tests for ensuring appropriate contracts volumes !
Support for test preparation
To equipment groups and to service groups for assessing the radiation resistance of equipment to be installed in harsh environment.
Help for irradiation tests preparation
Administrative support
Documentation
Need for a responsible for each irradiation test project

10. Irradiation tests preparation and WorkFlow
Irradiation test preparation
Identify the needs :
What needs to be tested ? Up to which dose ? How to characterize ?
Irradiation conditions and choice of the irradiation facility
Technical Specification
See the technical specification template EDMS
After the technical specification is written, reviewed, approved :
Administrative aspects: Offer, order, invoicing
Irradiation performance and follow-up
Documentation : Reporting and Archive
Technical specification useful for all aspects
R2E team support at all steps !
Profit from previous experience
More info from last year meeting on Indico

11. 2016-2017 irradiation tests on materials

12. Irradiation tests at Fraunhofer
61 CERN project managed by Fraunhofer from 2012 to 2016
Both active tests at Fraunhofer and passive tests at BGS
All information of irradiation tests performed at Fraunhofer are on the dedicated Twiki
h/FraunhoferRadTests/WebHome
Includes
General information
Technical details of the facilities managed by Fraunhofer
Information for test preparation
List of irradiation tests performed / on-going / foreseen
Individual page for each project with corresponding documentation

13. Recent irradiation tests at Fraunhofer
In black:
irradiation test performed
In red:
On-going irradiation tests
Active tests at Fraunhofer in-house facilities
Optical fibers test prepared and managed by Jeremy Blanc EN/EL
Collaboration for administrative / contractual aspects

14. Recent irradiation tests at Fraunhofer - BGS
In black:
irradiation test performed
In red:
On-going / ordered irradiation tests
BGS is a commercial irradiation facility (Not R&D) for passive tests
Advantage:
High dose rates allowing for reduced irradiation time
High volume available (pallet)

15. Recent irradiation tests at Ionisos
Not suitable for very high doses (1,5 months for 1 MGy)
Advantage: at driving distance, suitable for fragile samples or material subject to annealing

16. Test plan Simple test plan :
O’rings [NEO ], Pawel Krakowski, TE/VSC
Samples are not put in the irradiation area all together to reduce the irradiated volume.
For ordering the irradiation at BGS:
Need to know the test plan as each step is to be ordered separately
Irradiation time

17. Test plan
Dose steps to be defined for ordering procedure

18. Test plan J+112 On top of irradiation time,
delays occurs at each dose step !!
Reduce the number of step =
Reduce the campaign total duration

19. Material irradiation tests meeting
Combination of irradiation campaigns / Test plan
Saves money
Reduce availability issues due to increasing number of tests
Needs to be prepared well ahead of time
Meeting continuation : Some examples
Tests of beam-intercepting devices, Elvis Fornasiere (EN-STI-TCD)
A different type of radiation damage !
Irradiation tests of stripping foil control elements, Pieter Van Trappen (TE-ABT-EC)
TE-VSC irradiation tests, Pawel Wojciech Krakowski (TE-VSC-ICM)
Irradiation test of cooling liquids, Petr Gorbounov (EP-UAT)
Irradiation test of Piezos, Mark Butcher and Pablo Serrano Galvez (EN-STI-ECE)

20. Material irradiation tests meeting Meeting conclusions
Elisa Guillermain

21. Documentation and archive
Documentation = Keep track of all aspect of the performed irradiation tests
Share knowledge and know-how, useful widely to the whole scientific community, as the Yellow books !
Documentation includes:
Test specification
Describe all aspects of the irradiation test, including desired conditions of the irradiation test
Useful as a working documents, for communication with the irradiation facility staff, and for CERN archiving
See template on EDMS
Irradiation report
Dosimetry, samples pictures, characterization tests if any from the contractor
In line with our requirements from the technical specification !
CERN irradiation test report
Analysis and conclusion of characterization tests (suitability of equipment for installation ?)
Some CERN reports are missing ! I will send a request to get them…
If applicable, extensive campaigns report
All to be archived in EDMS

22. EDMS Archiving

23. EDMS Archiving Naming convention to be defined ? Technical documents =
Technical specification
Irradiation test report
CERN irradiation test report
Can be linked to equipment group folder, or any other !
Naming convention to be defined ?

24. Foreseen irradiation tests of materials

25. Next combined campaigns at Fraunhofer
[NEO ] – On-going
Up to 10 MGy
Started on
Foreseen end
[NEO ] – Ordered
Up to 3 MGy
Increased volume
Will start when [NEO ] is over
Foreseen end
[NEO-17-???] – under preparation
Up to 15 MGy most likely
Foreseen duration 5 months
Ends early 2018
Sprinkler heads
Piezo passive
Bake out
Concrete
GSM and TETRA components
SPS Fire safety components
Combination of 5 VSC projects
+ will include other tests

26. Next tests Fraunhofer

27. Next irradiation tests at Ionisos

28. New tests gathering Why need to be aware of next tests ?
To prepare their combination / planning and save money
To prepare contractual aspects
Estimation of budgets
Cost estimate under approval
Draft technical specification for contract under review
Encouragement to the equipment groups to get in touch with the R2E support team for the foreseen tests
Encouragement to the equipment groups / section to identify a contact person as a responsible for irradiation tests of equipement

29. Conclusion Irradiation campaign shall be prepared well ahead of time
Preparation takes time
Technical specification as working document
Performance takes time
Characterization test and analysis takes time
Irradiation tests takes time to be performed
At 10kGy/h, 1MGy in 5 days and 10 MGy in 50 days
But 4 to 7 days in between each step !
10 MGy with 10 steps = almost 4 months
Coordination is important since only one pallet available for R&D at BGS
Ordering procedure for high dose tests :
Dose steps / test plan to be define well ahead of time
Workflow to be followed
First step is the technical specification

30. Thanks for your attention And thanks to the speakers !
Any question is welcome

31. Present situation – Irradiation tests

32. Irradiation facilities
Facility
Radiation
Min
Max
Active ?
Location
Fraunhofer
TK100
Gamma
2 Gy/h
300 Gy/h
Yes
Germany
TK1000
1 Gy/h
10 kGy/h
BGS (Fraunhofer)
700 Gy/h
30 kGy/h
(70 kGy/h) No
Ionisos
20 Gy/h in static
2.5 kGy/h in conveyor
No (Powering possible)
Near Lyon
CC60
0,36 Gy/h
20 Gy/h
(Small samples 350 Gy/h)
CERN
CHARM
Mixed field
(LHC shielded areas)
(LHC tunnel areas)

33. Commercial gamma irradiation facilities
BGS in Wiehl, Germany
Pallet irradiation
10 kGy/h, Large volume, 1MGy in 5 days
Fixed position
30 kGy/h, Smaller volume, 1 MGy in 2 days
100 MGy in 5 months
Also available, 1 kGy/h
Ionisos in Dagneux, Lyon
Fixed positions
20 Gy/h to 1 kGy/h, 1 MGy in 45 days
Powering possible with long cabling distance (50m)
Driving distance
Fast pick up of samples post irradiation for annealing effects
Possibility for on-site characterization testing in between irradiation steps