1. Power point- to know
Russian tsars- alexander ii, alexander iii, Nicholas ii
Emancipation of the serfs
To the people movement
Russian terrorism
Bolsheviks and mensheviks
Russo-Japanese war
Bloody Sunday
Pyotr stolypin
What is reform and what is revolution

2. Russia –rise of revolution 1861-1914

3. 19th century Russian empire

4. Strengths & weaknesses
Strengths- largest country in the world, largest armed forces, arable land, Powerful monarchy
Weaknesses- backward economy, poorly equipped armed forces, cold climate, restrictive government

6. 1861- alexander II emancipates serfs

7. The reform failed to meet the needs of the freed serfs, who either had to go into debt to buy land or continue to work as before for their landlords

8. Narodniki movement, 1870’s
Student Political movements formed “to go to the people” to spread Marxist ideas and raise up political awareness of the freed serfs- these failed to interest them and led to many arrests

10. Political groups went underground…

11. And plotted to kill tsar alexander ii in 1881

12. The assassination led to a brutal crackdown against the student movements

13. Alexander iii (ruled 1881-1894)
Offered little in the way of reform, continued arrests of terror and student movements

14. The okhrana
The tsar formed a secret police force known as the “Okhrana” to combat dissent

15. Alexander iii was succeeded by his son Nicholas ii in 1894
His rule was affected by family issues- his wife came from Germany, making her unpopular, and his only son Alexei suffered from hemophilia

16. Meanwhile, a truer Marxist political organization was formed…

17. Bolsheviks (majority)
Menshevik (minority)

18. In 1904, Russia embarked on what they felt was an easy war against japan

19. But it ended in disaster at tsushima straits in 1905

20. Bloody Sunday January 22, 1905

21. A parliament (duma) was created as a result of bloody sunday
- However this had very little power- the tsar could dissolve it at any time, and appoint his own ministers to run it

22. Pyotr Stolypin - one of the last major statesmen of Imperial Russia with clearly defined public policies and the determination to undertake major reforms-he was assassinated before his reforms could make an impact

23. Meanwhile the Bolsheviks waited in exile for their chance
lenin
trotsky
stalin

25. http://www. russianforeveryone