1. Objective
By the end of today’s class period, I will be able to… Locate the major parts of the male reproductive system. Describe the function of the major parts of the male reproductive system. Describe the anatomy of the internal structures of the female reproductive system

2. Male Reproductive System
Major Function: Makes sperm cells (gametes) which can fertilize female gametes to produce a zygote.

3. Scrotum
A pouch of skin that hangs from the body below the pelvic cavity.
Contains two testes and their associated ducts.

4. Scrotum
The scrotum has a temperature of about 93.2F (the rest of the body is usually 98.6F)
Sperm formation
occurs most rapidly
at this cooler temp.

5. Scrotum
Two muscles (the cremaster and the dartos) pull the scrotum close to the body when it is cold and relax when it is warm.

6. Testes
The primary reproductive organs of the male reproductive system.

7. Seminiferous Tubules
Sperm is manufactured in a network of tubules called seminiferous tubules

8. Epididymis
The epididymis holds the testes in place and connects the testes to the Vas Deferens.

9. Vas Deferens
Drains the testes and epididymis, carrying sperm to the pelvic cavity.

10. Quick Check
Simon Says…

11. Penis
The penis delivers sperm into the female reproductive tract.

12. Glans
The enlarged end of the penis.

13. Prepuce
Loose foreskin that covers the glans penis.

14. Penis
The shaft of the penis is composed of erectile tissue and the urethra.
The opening is called the
External urethral orifice.

20. Female Reproductive System
Produces eggs
Provides location and nutrition for the development of eggs

21. Location: positioned against posterior wall of pelvic cavity
The Ovaries
Size: 1.5 – 3 cm
Location: positioned against posterior wall of pelvic cavity

22. Ovaries Produces female gametes and hormones
Female gametes are called ova
Secrete the hormones estrogen and progesterone

23. Ovaries Unlike testes, ovaries do not contain ducts.
Instead, there are ovarian follicles

24. Close-up of Ovary

25. Quick Comparison Female Structure Male Counterpart Ovaries Ova
Progesterone/
Estrogen
Ovarian Follicle

26. Overview of Ova Production
Each ovarian follicle contains a single oocyte (a cell that will become an egg)
The ovaries contain follicles in many stages of maturation.
One follicle reaches maturity every month and the oocyte is released from its ovary

27. Close-up of Ovary

28. Ducts of the Female Reproductive System
Unlike the male reproductive system, the female reproductive system is open at the ovarian end

29. Ducts of the Female Reproductive System
Also unlike the male system, the female reproductive ducts are separate from the urinary system

30. Turn and talk
Name at least 2 ways that the ducts of the female reproductive system are different from the male reproductive system

31. Ducts: Uterine Tubes

32. Ducts: Uterine Tubes Begin at the end of the ovary
The open end (hollow end) is open to the ovaries
The open end has fimbriae

33. Ducts: Fimbriae Wrap partially around ovaries
Help sweep oocytes into ovarian tube

34. How do ooctyes get to the uterus?
Fimbriae and cilia sweep ooctyes and fluid toward the uterus
Peristaltic contractions of the smooth muscles also move ooctyes
The uterine tube opens into the lumen of the uterus

35. Some drawbacks to the open-ended design
Some oocytes do not make it into the uterine tube
Some ooctyes are fertilized before they reach the uterus. This egg will be aborted by the body.

36. Name this structure

37. Name this structure

38. Name this structure

39. Name this structure

40. Quick Check
Which reproductive organ in the female is the counterpart to the male testis?

41. Quick Check
At ovulation, how does the oocyte move to the uterus?

42. Quick Check
What are two major differences between the male and female reproductive duct systems?

43. The Uterus Also known as the womb
Hollow organ located behind the bladder and in front of the rectum
Receives an egg to be fertilized and nourished.

44. Layers of the Uterine Wall
Outer Layer: Perimetrium
Smooth muscle layer: Myometrium
Inner mucosal layer: Endometrium

45. Endometrium
The layer which engulfs and nourishes a fertilized egg
This layer is shed during menstruation

46. The Cervix
The narrow passageway which connects the lumen of the uterus to the vagina

47. Quick Check
List the 3 layers of the uterus
Describe their location and role in the reproductive system

48. Vagina A thin-walled structure below the uterus
Called the birth canal – baby passes through it during birth
Is an acidic environment to prevent bacterial infection

49. Where is the uterus located?
Quick Check
Where is the uterus located?

50. How many layers does the uterine wall have?
Quick Check
How many layers does the uterine wall have?

51. What connects the uterus to the vagina?
Quick Check
What connects the uterus to the vagina?

53. Final Practice Key Words:
Compare the structures of the female reproductive system to the male system
Uterine tube
Fimbriae
Uterus (and its 3 layers)
Cervix
Key Words:
Vagina
Ovary
Ovarian Follicle
Ooctye