1. Photosynthesis AND Cellular Respiration
Chapter 9

2. ATP Stands for adenosine triphosphate
Composed of one adenosine molecule and three phosphate molecules
When a phosphate bond is broken, the energy is released and ADP or adenosine diphosphate forms.

4. ATP/ADP Cycle Important for 2 reasons:
Relieves the cell of storing too much ATP
Some processes only need ADP energy
Energy is used for making proteins, enzymes, and active transport
Kidneys use ATP to remove waste

5. Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis –uses sun’s energy to make simple sugars which convert into complex carbs like starches
CO2 + H2O + sunlight  C6H12O6 + O2
Occurs in chloroplasts
Chlorophyll absorb all light except green, which is reflected

7. Parts of Plants for Photosynthesis
Stomata – gas exchange
Roots – absorb water
Xylem – water for plants
Phloem – glucose for plants
Vascular tissue – transports materials to cells

8. Cellular Respiration
Cellular Respiration – mitochondria breaks down food molecules to produce ATP
C6H12O6 + O2  CO2 + H2O ATP
There are two different types of Cellular Respiration

10. Cellular Respiration Aerobic Respiration – creating ATP with oxygen
Occurs in the mitochondria
Occurs in plant and animal cells
Creates 36 ATP
Anaerobic Respiration – creating ATP with no oxygen required
Occurs in bacteria, yeast, and muscle cells
Occurs in the cytoplasm
Creates 2 ATP
2 examples

11. Anaerobic Process
Alcoholic Fermentation – makes CO2, ethyl alcohol, and 2 ATP
Makes bread and beer
Lactic Acid Fermentation – makes lactic acid and 2 ATP
Feel burning in muscles
Supplies energy to cells when no oxygen is present