1. RFLP “Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism” Basic idea: Uses:
If two DNA sequences have different numbers or locations of restriction sites, they will differ in their restriction enzyme digest pattern
Uses:
Paternity testing
Criminal cases
Locating disease genes

2. Criminal Case

3. Paternity/Maternity testing
Child 2
Child 1
Dad
Mom

4. Recombinant DNA
Engineered pieces of DNA inserted into the genomes of a target organisms
Can be used to mass produce useful proteins
“Humulin” – human insulin produced by bacteria (Eli Lilly company)
Human growth hormone
Also used to modify organisms
All originally depends on restriction enzymes!

5. Gene cloning with restriction enzymes

6. GloFish

7. Why do bacteria not cut their own genomes?
They protect their DNA with methylation
Restriction enzymes can’t cut here

8. Optical Mapping
Image of single molecule of DNA after being cut by restriction enzymes EagI & MluI
Laboratory of David Schwartz, UW-Madison