1. Mr Williams 10th Grade U.S. History
New Deal and the People
Mr Williams
10th Grade U.S. History

2. Describe how Hoover responded to the Great Depression. Why?
Describe how FDR responded to the Great Depression. Why?
In 1932, which party “won” the Election (s)? Why was that a big deal for the New Deal?
What were the three Rs of the New Deal?

5. Relief CCC: Civilian Conservation Corps
Planted trees, improved parks while living in camps with families
WPA: Works Progress Administration
Workers built roads, subways, airports, even zoos
Recorded oral histories and created artwork in public buildings

6. Recovery
Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) government payment to farmers to grow fewer crops
•National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA) mandated that businesses in the same industry cooperate with each other to set prices and levels of production
• Also encouraged a minimum wage and less hours for workers

9. The Second Hundred Days
Second New Deal: Congress passed laws extending government oversight of the banking industry and raised taxes on the wealthy
Also funded new relief programs for struggling people

12. Congress of Industrial Organization
CIO: John L. Lewis led this group which broke away from the AFL
DIFFERENCE: Invited all workers not just skilled to join including African Americans and Women
Today: AFL-CIO has more than 12.5 million members of more than 55 unions it represents

14. FDR and Labor
Wagner Act: Outlawed threatening workers, firing union members, and interfering with workers organizing
Established a National Labor Relations Board (NRLB)
Fair Labor Standards Act: 40 hour work week, minimum wage, rules for workers under 18

16. Sit-Down Strike
Requires strikers to stay a factory day and night until dispute is resolved
GM strike in Flint, Michigan
Result: GM officially recognized the UAW-CIO

18. Women and the New Deal
Eleanor Roosevelt: 1st First Lady to play an active role in politics
Anti-lynching campaign, wrote her own newspaper, women’s rights, civil rights, etc.

20. Frances Perkins: Secretary of Labor: First woman to head an executive department
Played leading role in New Deal especially with Social Security
BUT, men still paid higher wages and had more work opportunities as part of the New Deal

22. Black Cabinet
Government officials who served as unofficial advisers to FDR under the leadership of Mary McLeod Bethune
African Americans voted for FDR in great numbers in 1936
BUT critics typically agree FDR largely ignored Civil Rights

24. Marian Anderson African American Opera Singer
1939 Daughters of American Revolution did not allow her to sing at Constitution Hall
FDR (mostly Eleanor) responded by giving her the opportunity to perform in front of the Lincoln Memorial

27. Lasting Impacts
Minimum Wage, FDIC, SEC, TVA, Social Security, NLRB, etc.
Hundred Days now a benchmark for all Presidents
Government’s role has expanded to ensure economic stability

28. Reforms
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) Provided government insurance for depositor’s savings up to 250,000 today
Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Government watchdog over nation’s stock market
Goes after people who are trying to “cheat” investors

29. Social Security
Provides a pension (regular payments) for many people age 65 years and older
Tax taken out of your paycheck that allows you to collect benefits once you meet age requirements if you have paid enough in over your lifetime

34. Deficit Spending
Deficit: Occurs when government spends more money than it takes in from taxes and other incomes
John Maynard Keynes: Argued that deficit spending could provide jobs and stimulate the economy: 1938 signs of rebound