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Figure 8–1 Historical telephone system.
Couch, Digital and Analog Communication Systems, Seventh Edition ©2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved
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Figure 8–2 Local analog telephone system (simplified).
Couch, Digital and Analog Communication Systems, Seventh Edition ©2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved
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Figure 8–3 Telephone system with remote terminals.
Couch, Digital and Analog Communication Systems, Seventh Edition ©2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved
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Figure 8–4 (a) (continued).
(a) POTS Line Card in a RT Couch, Digital and Analog Communication Systems, Seventh Edition ©2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved
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Figure 8–4 (b) Remote terminal (RT).
(b) Balanced Wheatstone Bridge Model for a Hybrid Circuit Couch, Digital and Analog Communication Systems, Seventh Edition ©2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved
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Figure 8–5 G.DMT digital subscriber line.
Couch, Digital and Analog Communication Systems, Seventh Edition ©2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved
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Figure 8–6 N-ISDN system with subscriber equipment attached.
Couch, Digital and Analog Communication Systems, Seventh Edition ©2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved
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Figure 8–7 2B1Q Line code. Couch, Digital and Analog Communication Systems, Seventh Edition ©2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved
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Figure 8–8 Communications satellite in geosynchronous orbit.
Couch, Digital and Analog Communication Systems, Seventh Edition ©2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved
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Figure 8–9 Simplified block diagram of a communications satellite transponder.
Couch, Digital and Analog Communication Systems, Seventh Edition ©2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved
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Figure 8–10 64-GHz satellite transponder frequency plan for the downlink channels. (For the uplink frequency plan, add 2225 MHz to the numbers given above.) Couch, Digital and Analog Communication Systems, Seventh Edition ©2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved
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Figure 8–11 Transmission of broadcast-quality TV signals from a ground station.
Couch, Digital and Analog Communication Systems, Seventh Edition ©2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved
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Figure 8–12 SPADE satellite communication system for telephone VF message transmission.
Couch, Digital and Analog Communication Systems, Seventh Edition ©2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved
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Figure 8–13 Interleaving of bursts in a TDMA satellite.
Couch, Digital and Analog Communication Systems, Seventh Edition ©2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved
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Figure 8–14 Typical TDMA frame format.
Couch, Digital and Analog Communication Systems, Seventh Edition ©2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved
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Figure 8–15 Spectral allocations for U. S
Figure 8–15 Spectral allocations for U.S. digital-audio satellite systems. Couch, Digital and Analog Communication Systems, Seventh Edition ©2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved
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Figure 8–16 Block diagram of a communication system with a free-space transmission channel.
Couch, Digital and Analog Communication Systems, Seventh Edition ©2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved
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Figure 8–17 Thermal noise source.
Couch, Digital and Analog Communication Systems, Seventh Edition ©2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved
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Figure 8–18 Thermal source with a matched load.
Couch, Digital and Analog Communication Systems, Seventh Edition ©2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved
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Figure 8–19 Noise model for an actual device.
Couch, Digital and Analog Communication Systems, Seventh Edition ©2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved
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Figure 8–20 Another noise model for an actual device.
Couch, Digital and Analog Communication Systems, Seventh Edition ©2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved
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Figure 8–21 Noise figure measurement of a lossy transmission line.
Couch, Digital and Analog Communication Systems, Seventh Edition ©2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved
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Figure 8–22 Cascade of four devices.
Couch, Digital and Analog Communication Systems, Seventh Edition ©2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved
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Figure 8–23 Noise model for two cascaded devices.
Couch, Digital and Analog Communication Systems, Seventh Edition ©2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved
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Figure 8–24 Communication system model for link budget evaluation.
Couch, Digital and Analog Communication Systems, Seventh Edition ©2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved
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Figure 8–25 Galaxy I (134° W longitude) antenna pattern EIRP footprint (contours given in dBw units). [Courtesy of Hughes Communications, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Hughes Aircraft Company.] Couch, Digital and Analog Communication Systems, Seventh Edition ©2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved
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Figure 8–26 TVRO terminal. Couch, Digital and Analog Communication Systems, Seventh Edition ©2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved
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Figure 8–27 Output SNR as a function of FM detector input CNR
Figure 8–27 Output SNR as a function of FM detector input CNR. [Curve for the Microdyne receiver, Model 1100TVR, courtesy of the Microdyne Corporation, Ocala, FL, 1981.] Couch, Digital and Analog Communication Systems, Seventh Edition ©2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved
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Figure 8–28 FT-2000 optical-fiber ring system.
Couch, Digital and Analog Communication Systems, Seventh Edition ©2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved
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Figure 8–29 Cellular telephone system.
Couch, Digital and Analog Communication Systems, Seventh Edition ©2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved
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Figure 8–30 Generation of a composite black-and-white video signal.
Couch, Digital and Analog Communication Systems, Seventh Edition ©2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved
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Figure 8–31 TV transmission system.
Couch, Digital and Analog Communication Systems, Seventh Edition ©2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved
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Figure 8–32 Black-and-white TV receiver.
Couch, Digital and Analog Communication Systems, Seventh Edition ©2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved
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Figure 8–33 Spectrum of composite FDM baseband modulation on the FM aural carrier of U.S. TV stations. Couch, Digital and Analog Communication Systems, Seventh Edition ©2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved
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Figure 8–34 Generation of the composite NTSC baseband video signal
Figure 8–34 Generation of the composite NTSC baseband video signal. [Technically, mq(t) is low-pass filtered to an 0.5-MHz bandwidth and mi(t) is low-pass filtered to a 1.5-MHz bandwidth.] Couch, Digital and Analog Communication Systems, Seventh Edition ©2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved
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Figure 8–35 Vectorscope presentation of the complex envelope for the 3
Figure 8–35 Vectorscope presentation of the complex envelope for the 3.58-MHz chrominance subcarrier. Couch, Digital and Analog Communication Systems, Seventh Edition ©2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved
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Figure 8–36 Color TV receiver with IQ demodulators.
Couch, Digital and Analog Communication Systems, Seventh Edition ©2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved
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Figure 8–37 U.S. television synchronizing waveform standards for color transmission. (From Part 73 of FCC Rules and Regulations.) Couch, Digital and Analog Communication Systems, Seventh Edition ©2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved
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Figure 8–38 8-level baseband signal with segment sync.
Couch, Digital and Analog Communication Systems, Seventh Edition ©2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved
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Figure 8–39 Spectrum of 8-VSB DTV signal with square root raised cosine-rolloff.
Couch, Digital and Analog Communication Systems, Seventh Edition ©2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved
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Figure 8–40 CNR for a PCD wireless link.
Couch, Digital and Analog Communication Systems, Seventh Edition ©2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved
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Figure 8–41 BER for a PCD wireless link.
Couch, Digital and Analog Communication Systems, Seventh Edition ©2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved
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Figure P8–11 Couch, Digital and Analog Communication Systems, Seventh Edition ©2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved
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Figure P8–13 Couch, Digital and Analog Communication Systems, Seventh Edition ©2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved
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Figure P8–22 Couch, Digital and Analog Communication Systems, Seventh Edition ©2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved
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Figure P8–41 Couch, Digital and Analog Communication Systems, Seventh Edition ©2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved
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