1. The American Civil War Begins
Fill in the blanks on the handout as we go through the notes.

2. Bell Ringer 1/26
What were three events that lead us in to the civil war? Explain your answer.

3. Objective
Sequence early events of the war and analyse statistics of the war
Notes
Stats- finish for homework

4. Presidential election of 1860 (slide 1)
4 way contest: Lincoln, Douglas, Breckenridge, Bell
Only hope for South- elect a Pro Slavery President
Lincoln wins, causes upset in the South

6. Southern States Secede (Slide 3)
Lincoln received no support in the South due to anti-slavery stance.
As soon as Lincoln won the election, the South started to secede. They no longer wanted to be part of the United States.
Supporters of secession based their arguments on the idea of states’ rights. They said they had voluntarily joined the union, so they could leave when they wanted.

7. Vocab:
Confederate States: Group of Southern States during the Civil war
Union: Group of Northern States during the war

8. Confederate States of America Slide 4
On December 20, 1860, South Carolina first state to secede.
Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas soon followed
These eleven states formed the Confederate States of America.
Jefferson Davis as president.
They wrote a new Constitution which made slavery legal.

9. Confederate States

10. Civil War (slide 6)
Slavery was the major issue that separated the North from the South.
First shots fired by the Confederacy (April 12-14, 1861) at Fort Sumter, South Carolina

11. The Civil War began at Fort Sumter.

12. Slide 8
There were 23 states in the Union (North) at the beginning of the war.
There were 11 states in the Confederacy (South) at the beginning of the war.

14. North’s Advantages (Slide 10)
Had many more people
More factories, which could be used to make weapons
The Union also had many more miles of railroad tracks.

15. South’s Advantages Slide 11
Main advantage: fighting at home.
Closer to SUPPLIES
Fight harder to protect their homes.
The Confederacy also had superior generals and better trained soldiers.
The South was being supplied by England at the beginning of the war. England wanted to keep trading for the South’s cotton.

16. Battle of Bull Run
One of the first battles of the war was the Battle of Bull Run.
The North realized after this battle that the war would not be easy and would not be over soon.

17. New Weapons Many new weapons were used during the Civil War.
One of these weapons was an ironclad ship. An ironclad ship was a ship with iron plates on it to protect it from cannon fire.

18. Other new weapons
Deadlier cannons and bullets
More accurate rifles

19. Battle of Antietam
First time the Confederacy invaded Northern territory was the Battle of Antietam.
It was bloodiest battle day in United States history. 23,000 men lost their lives that day.
The Union army stopped the Confederate army. This “victory” by the Union gave President Lincoln the chance to announce the abolition of slavery in the South.

22. Emancipation Proclamation
Declared that all slaves should be set free in the Confederacy.
It also allowed blacks to serve in the Union army and navy.
South ignored the Emancipation Proclamation, but it did change to focus of the war to the issue of slavery.

23. Women in the Civil War
Women on both sides worked during the war. Many became nurses. The most famous nurse from the Union was Clara Barton.
She also helped organize the American Red Cross.

24. The armies weren’t all-male
Hundreds of women on both sides pulled a Mulan, assuming male identities and appearances so that they might fight for their respective nations. Some of them did it for adventure, but many did it for monetary reasons: the pay for a male soldier was about $13 month, which was close to double what a woman could make in any profession at the time.

25. Battle of Gettysburg
The Battle of Gettysburg was one of the bloodiest battles of the war.
90,000 Union soldiers fought 75,000 Confederate soldiers.
More than 50,000 men were killed or wounded in the battle.
The Union won the battle.

26. The Battle of Gettysburg was the turning point of the war
The Battle of Gettysburg was the turning point of the war. The Confederacy would never invade Union territory again.

27. Gettysburg Address
After the Battle of Gettysburg, President Lincoln went to the battlefield to dedicate a cemetery in honor of all those who had died.
Lincoln spoke for two minutes, but his speech became very famous.
It is called the Gettysburg Address.