1. Enterprise Resource Planning, 1st Edition by Mary Sumner
Chapter 5:
ERP System: Accounting and Finance
© Prentice Hall, 2005: Enterprise Resource Planning, 1st Edition by Mary Sumner

2. Objectives Understand ERP accounting and financial system
Review(重新探討) the interrelationships among business processes supporting finance and accounting
© Prentice Hall, 2005: Enterprise Resource Planning, 1st Edition by Mary Sumner

3. © Prentice Hall, 2005: Enterprise Resource Planning, 1st Edition by Mary Sumner

4. Accounting Processes: Operational
Production of transactions(交易)
Paychecks(付薪水的支票), invoices, checks, purchase orders(採購訂單)
© Prentice Hall, 2005: Enterprise Resource Planning, 1st Edition by Mary Sumner

5. Accounting Process: Management Control Processes
Budgeting(預算)
Analysis of allocations, expenditures, revenues(收入)
Cash management
Cash flow analysis
What-if(若則) analysis
Capital budgeting (資金預算)
Evaluation tools: NPV, IRR, pay-back period
Investment management
© Prentice Hall, 2005: Enterprise Resource Planning, 1st Edition by Mary Sumner

6. Accounting Systems v. ERP Modules
Information shares integrated database
Provides up-to-date information
Seamless(無限的)
Creates document flow of transactions
Accounting systems
Manual or separate transfer of information
Multiple platforms
© Prentice Hall, 2005: Enterprise Resource Planning, 1st Edition by Mary Sumner

7. Accounting and Financial Systems
Traditional
Provide operational-level software
Produce invoices, checks, statements(結算單)
Financial accounting
Financial statements for external reporting(外界的報告) purposes
Management accounting
Information on profitability(利益)
© Prentice Hall, 2005: Enterprise Resource Planning, 1st Edition by Mary Sumner

8. 利益
完成的
子公司
查帳蹤跡
© Prentice Hall, 2005: Enterprise Resource Planning, 1st Edition by Mary Sumner

9. ERP Financial Accounting Module
External reporting
Set by general accounting standards
Legal(法律的) requirements
Includes accounts receivable subsystem
Interfaces(介面) with cash management
Monitors accounts and updates, handles payments, creates due date(期限) lists, produces statements
Accounts payable
Handles payments, applies available discounts to maximize profits
© Prentice Hall, 2005: Enterprise Resource Planning, 1st Edition by Mary Sumner

10. Management Accounting Modules
Internal accounting perspectives for directing and controlling operations
Information on variances(差別) between planned and actual data
Key activities
Cost center accounting(成本中心會計)
Internal orders as a basis for collecting and controlling costs
Activity-based costing(基於活動的成本核算) of business processes
Product cost controlling for profitability analysis
Profitability analysis by market segment
Profit center(利益中心) accounting of individual areas of organization
Consolidation(聯合) of financial data for accounting perspectives Enable management to better allocate resources, maximizing profitability and performance
Central clearinghouse(票據交換所) for accounting information
© Prentice Hall, 2005: Enterprise Resource Planning, 1st Edition by Mary Sumner

11. ERP Systems Provide on-line, real-time data Operational data ABC data
Feedback(回報) on quality and efficiency of processes
Information must be timely and specific
Used for real-time operational control
ABC data
Information on profitability and products
Real-time(即時) data
Estimates(估計) are sufficient
Strategic information
Basis for continuing improvement(持續改善) to operations
© Prentice Hall, 2005: Enterprise Resource Planning, 1st Edition by Mary Sumner