1. Chris Rohrbach Dan Nichols
EMS Goals
Chris Rohrbach
Dan Nichols

2. The EMS Process Injury/Illness Call 911 EMD 911 Dispatch
Units Responds
1st Unit on Scene
Patient Treatment
Right EMS Services on Scene
Patient Treated
Patient Transported
Patient at Hospital
Patient at Appropriate Facility
Ambulance available

3. Severity of Condition Is the EMS service good? Medical Necessity
Patient’s Impression
Medical Necessity
Priority 1-
1st Response
ALS
BLS
Priority 2-
Priority 3-
Priority 4-
BLS (Non-Emergency)

4. Known process parameters:
“Golden Hour”
Used for multi-system or severe single system trauma
60 minutes from injury to treatment
“FAST Door-to-Needle”
Used for strokes
Ranges from 60 minutes to 3 hours
Literature supports recovery ability directly attributed to intervention time
Sudden Cardiac Arrest
Survival without CPR/AED after 3-5 minutes is less than 10%

5. The EMS Process: What is the “Time”
Injury/Illness
Call 911
EMD
911 Dispatch
Units Responds
1st Unit on Scene
Patient Treatment
Right EMS Services on Scene
Patient Transported
Patient at Hospital
Patient at Appropriate Facility
Ambulance Available
Patient
1st Responders
Call maker
Ambulances

6. The EMS Process: What is the Time Maker?
Injury/Illness
Call 911
EMD
911 Dispatch
Units Responds
1st Unit on Scene
Patient Treatment
Right EMS Services on Scene
Patient Transported
Patient at Hospital
Patient at Appropriate Facility
Ambulance Available
Patients / Bystanders
Patients / Bystanders and Dispatch Centers
Responders
EMS Protocols
Distance / Method of Transport

7. Hospitals H H H H H H H H

8. Trauma Hospitals H H H H H H H H

9. Stroke Hospitals H H H H H H H H

10. Statistical: No EMS System “Drive to Hospital”

11. Injury/Illness  Calling 911
Is 911 accessible?
Why do you call 911?
When do you call 911?
What are my other options?
What is the capability of bystanders?

12. Next Questions Look at all the input times How important is “time”
Medical needs
Customer perception
Determining reliability
Compare current status to national standards