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Semi-deponent verbs Present active participles

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1 Semi-deponent verbs Present active participles
Chapter 40 Semi-deponent verbs Present active participles

2 Semi-Deponent Verbs are always active! Semi-Deponent Verbs
We know that semi means half SO… …these verbs are only deponent half the time! Half of the forms LOOK active Half of the forms LOOK passive Semi-Deponent Verbs are always active!

3 Remember how a regular 2nd conjugation verb looks in a synopsis?
Active Present habet Imperfect habebat Future habebit Perfect habuit Pluperfect habuerat Fut. perf. habuerit Passive habetur habebatur habebitur habitus est habitus erat habitus erit

4 Remember how a deponent 2nd conjugation verb looks in a synopsis?
No active forms! Always translated as an active verb Passive Present veretur Imperfect verebatur Future verebitur Perfect veritus est Pluperfect veritus erat Fut. per. Veritus erit

5 What about principal parts of verbs?
Regular 1st sing. Pres. Act.-habeo Pres. Act. Inf.- habere 1st sing. Perf. Act.-habui Perfect passive participle- habitus Deponent 1st sing. Pres. Act.-vereor Pres. Act. Inf.- vereri Perf. ACTIVE participle- veritus

6 Semi-deponent principal parts
1st sing. Pres. Act.- audeo Pres. Act. Infinitive- audere Perf. ACTIVE participle ausus There are only three principal parts just like deponents, but some of the parts look more like a regular verb

7 Semi-deponent synopsis
Latin Present audet Imperfect audebat Future audebit Perfect ausus est Pluperfect ausus erat Fut. Perf. ausus erit English He is daring He was daring He will dare He has dared He had dared He will have dared Which forms look like a regular 2nd conjugation verb? Which forms look like a deponent 2nd conjugation verb?

8 Semi-deponent verbs Present Imperfect Future Perfect Pluperfect
are conjugated as regular verbs in the present system: Present Imperfect Future and as a deponent verb in the perfect system: Perfect Pluperfect Future perfect Semi-Deponent Verbs are always active!

9 Present Active Participles
Review of Perfect Passive Participles Participles are verbal adjectives Passive participles have the action done to the noun it modifies Perfect passive participles have had the action done to the noun it modifies prior to the time of the main verb Example: repulsus lupus-the repelled wolf

10 Present Active Participles
Participles are still verbal adjectives used to modify a noun An active participle has the noun doing the action Present Active Participles have the noun doing the action at the same time as the main verb Example: Marcus repellens-Marcus repelling

11 Examples Perfect Passive Participle Lupus repulsus currit in silvam.
The repelled wolf runs into the forest. Present Active Participle Marcus lupum repellens ad rivum currit. Marcus repelling the wolf runs to the stream.

12 Forming present active participles
Present stem + -ns, -ntis (3rd declension adj.) First conjugation verb Singular Plural para- + -ns = parans parantes/ia parantis parantium paranti parantibus parantem/parans parantes/ia paranti parantibus PREPARING

13 Second conjugation Singular Plural habe- + -ns = habens habentes/ia
habentis habentium habenti habentibus habentem/habens habentes/ia HAVING/HOLDING

14 Third Conjugation mitte- + -ns = mittens mittentes/ia Singular Plural
mittentis mittentium mittenti mittentibus mittentem/mittens mittentes/ia SENDING

15 3IO Conjugation iacie- + -ns = iaciens iacientes/ia
Singular Plural iacie- + -ns = iaciens iacientes/ia iacientis iacientium iacienti iacientibus iacientem/iaciens iacientes/ia THROWING N.B. Remember that for 3rd IO, one must add an ‘i’ before the ‘e’ in the stem.

16 Fourth Conjugation audie- + -ns = audiens audientes/ia Singular Plural
audientis audientium audienti audientibus audientem/audiens audientes/ia HEARING N.B. Remember that for 4th conjugation, one must add an ‘e’ after the stem before adding the ending.

17 Present Participle vs. Present Progressive
Marcus repelling the wolf is running to the stream. Marcus repellens lupum currit ad rivum. Notice that two words in this sentence are verbs ending in –ing. Repelling is a participle modifying Marcus, but running is part of the present progressive verb ‘is running’. Be careful to distinguish these two uses!


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