1. Semi-deponent verbs Present active participles
Chapter 40
Semi-deponent verbs
Present active participles

2. Semi-Deponent Verbs are always active! Semi-Deponent Verbs
We know that semi means half SO…
…these verbs are only deponent half the time!
Half of the forms LOOK active
Half of the forms LOOK passive
Semi-Deponent Verbs
are always active!

3. Remember how a regular 2nd conjugation verb looks in a synopsis?
Active
Present habet
Imperfect habebat
Future habebit
Perfect habuit
Pluperfect habuerat
Fut. perf. habuerit
Passive
habetur
habebatur
habebitur
habitus est
habitus erat
habitus erit

4. Remember how a deponent 2nd conjugation verb looks in a synopsis?
No active forms!
Always translated as an active verb
Passive
Present veretur
Imperfect verebatur
Future verebitur
Perfect veritus est
Pluperfect veritus erat
Fut. per. Veritus erit

5. What about principal parts of verbs?
Regular
1st sing. Pres. Act.-habeo
Pres. Act. Inf.-
habere
1st sing. Perf. Act.-habui
Perfect passive participle-
habitus
Deponent
1st sing. Pres. Act.-vereor
Pres. Act. Inf.-
vereri
Perf. ACTIVE participle-
veritus

6. Semi-deponent principal parts
1st sing. Pres. Act.-
audeo
Pres. Act. Infinitive-
audere
Perf. ACTIVE participle
ausus
There are only three principal parts just like deponents,
but some of the parts look more like a regular verb

7. Semi-deponent synopsis
Latin
Present audet
Imperfect audebat
Future audebit
Perfect ausus est
Pluperfect ausus erat
Fut. Perf. ausus erit
English
He is daring
He was daring
He will dare
He has dared
He had dared
He will have dared
Which forms look like a regular 2nd conjugation verb?
Which forms look like a deponent 2nd conjugation verb?

8. Semi-deponent verbs Present Imperfect Future Perfect Pluperfect
are conjugated as regular verbs in the present system:
Present
Imperfect
Future
and as a deponent verb in the perfect system:
Perfect
Pluperfect
Future perfect
Semi-Deponent Verbs
are always active!

9. Present Active Participles
Review of Perfect Passive Participles
Participles are verbal adjectives
Passive participles have the action done to the noun it modifies
Perfect passive participles have had the action done to the noun it modifies prior to the time of the main verb
Example: repulsus lupus-the repelled wolf

10. Present Active Participles
Participles are still verbal adjectives used to modify a noun
An active participle has the noun doing the action
Present Active Participles have the noun doing the action at the same time as the main verb
Example: Marcus repellens-Marcus repelling

11. Examples Perfect Passive Participle Lupus repulsus currit in silvam.
The repelled wolf runs into the forest.
Present Active Participle
Marcus lupum repellens ad rivum currit.
Marcus repelling the wolf runs to the stream.

12. Forming present active participles
Present stem + -ns, -ntis (3rd declension adj.)
First conjugation verb
Singular Plural
para- + -ns = parans parantes/ia
parantis parantium
paranti parantibus
parantem/parans parantes/ia
paranti parantibus
PREPARING

13. Second conjugation Singular Plural habe- + -ns = habens habentes/ia
habentis habentium
habenti habentibus
habentem/habens habentes/ia
HAVING/HOLDING

14. Third Conjugation mitte- + -ns = mittens mittentes/ia Singular Plural
mittentis mittentium
mittenti mittentibus
mittentem/mittens mittentes/ia
SENDING

15. 3IO Conjugation iacie- + -ns = iaciens iacientes/ia
Singular Plural
iacie- + -ns = iaciens iacientes/ia
iacientis iacientium
iacienti iacientibus
iacientem/iaciens iacientes/ia
THROWING
N.B. Remember that for 3rd IO, one must add an ‘i’ before the ‘e’ in the stem.

16. Fourth Conjugation audie- + -ns = audiens audientes/ia Singular Plural
audientis audientium
audienti audientibus
audientem/audiens audientes/ia
HEARING
N.B. Remember that for 4th conjugation, one must add an ‘e’ after the stem before adding the ending.

17. Present Participle vs. Present Progressive
Marcus repelling the wolf is running to the stream.
Marcus repellens lupum currit ad rivum.
Notice that two words in this sentence are verbs ending in –ing. Repelling is a participle modifying Marcus, but running is part of the present progressive verb ‘is running’.
Be careful to distinguish these two uses!