1. Honors Human Anatomy and Physiology
See how it is made and find out how it works!

2. You!
Anatomy - the structure and the organization of an organism and its parts
Physiology - the functioning of a living organism and its parts.

3. Organization
The body is organized in increasingly complex levels.

4. Chemical Organization
C, H, O, N, P
Lipids
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Nucleic Acids
Ions
Chemical Organization

5. Cellular Organization
Cells - the basic unit of structure and function of all living things.
7 Diverse groups of cells (200 types)
What are the 7 main groups of cells based on function? Pg 75

6. Tissues
Groups of cells that resemble each other and perform a specific function

7. Organ
Groups of tissues that function together to perform a complete body function.

8. Organ Systems
A group of organs that function to complete a body function
Ex. Digestive system

9. Organism – The most complex level of organization.

10. Maintaining Life Survival depends on 8 basic functions.
Maintaining boundaries
Movement
Responsiveness
Digestion
Metabolism
Excretion
Reproduction
Growth
5 needs for survival
Nutrients
Oxygen‘
Water
Moderate temperatures
Atmospheric pressure

11. Maintaining Boundaries
Membranes that allow communication with the environment and protect the organism from the environment.
Integumentary System –

12. Movement
The muscular and skeletal systems manipulate the body in the environment and to manipulate the environment around the body. They also allow the body to move substances through itself.

13. Responsiveness
The electrochemical nervous system provides a rapid response system for the body.
Reflexes protect you from pain, speed up the heart rate and increases respiration.

14. Digestion
Breaking down large foods into simple molecules that can be carried in the blood stream and be used by the body.

15. Metabolism
The endocrine system controls the synthesis and decomposition reactions that rearrange molecules to provide energy, build and recycle cellular structures.

16. Excretion
The digestive and excretory systems are responsible for removing wastes from the body .

17. Reproduction
Producing offspring from specialized cells is regulated by the endocrine system.

18. Growth
The endocrine system uses hormones to stimulate the production of cells faster than the rate of the destruction of cells.

19. Homeostasis
The ability to maintain stable internal conditions in a fluctuating environment.

20. Most body mechanisms are negative feed back systems that return the body to normal.

21. Temperature
Cold
Heat

22. Positive Feedback take settings from the normal.
Labor and delivery
Blood Clotting

23. Grave Robbers
The story of Xavier Bichet - founder of the study of pathologic anatomy.
“Borrowed” dead bodies from graves and studied it.
He cut it, boiled it, pickled it and studied it.
He decided that the body was made of different tissues - lung tissue, muscle tissue, epithelial tissue, bone tissue, etc. And that disease attacked tissues and not the whole body.
You could correlate the symptoms of a disease with the tissues attacked.

24. How many body cavities are there?
Dorsal –
Ventral -
The body is not a solid structure it contains open spaces that contain internal organs.

25. The dorsal cavity consists of the cranial cavity and the spinal cavity.
The cranial cavity contains
the brain.
The spinal cavity contains the
spinal cord.

26. The ventral cavity consists of the thorax (chest) and the abdominopelvic cavity (abdomen)
The thorax consists of two pleural cavities and the mediastinum. The abdominopelvic cavity consists of the abdomen and the pelvic cavity.

27. Anatomical Position and Body Planes

28. Body Regions

29. Body Landmarks

30. Directional Terms