1. DNA , Mitosis and Meiosis

2. What is DNA and How does it work?
DNA shape
spiraling ladder or double helix
Function of DNA?
Acts as a blueprint for living things
Amino Acids?
tiny chemicals that make up proteins – building blocks
Relationship between DNA and amino acids (AA)
DNA tells the AA in what shape to line up in order to create a protein
What are the 4 nitrogen bases in DNA?
adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine
Ribosomes make proteins by reading the DNA and line up the amino acids; List the Steps to make proteins
DNA makes RNA
Ribosomes and RNA lines up aa
AA makes proteins
Proteins makes cells
Cells make life

3. Cytosine
Guanine
Thymine
Adenine
sugar phosphate backbone
Hydrogen Bonds

4. Review DNA Think about these questions on your own.
What is the function of DNA?
DNA acts as a blueprint for living things. It tells the ribosomes in what order to line up the amino acids to create proteins.
Where is DNA housed in the cell?
Nucleus
What is the difference between DNA and RNA?
DNA is housed in the nucleus and RNA is a copy of DNA that is moved to the cytoplasm to be read by ribosomes to make proteins.
What is the relationship between DNA , ribosomes, and amino acids.
DNA is copied to RNA and then ribosomes read the RNA and tell amino acids in what order to line up in to create proteins.

5. Mitosis Both Meiosis 2 daughter cells Asexual reproduction
Offspring genetically identical
Goes through PMAT once
Growth and repair
Somatic Cells
Cell divides once
Unicellular organisms use for reproduction
Multicellular organisms use for growth and repair
Chromosomes remain exact copies
DNA replicates before division
Before division organelles in cell must be copied
After telophase cytokinesis
Lesson Launcher Questions
Give 3 examples of somatic cells.
What are gametes?
What process creates gametes?
What process creates somatic cells?
What is the difference in the product of Mitosis and Meiosis?
Offspring genetically different
4 daughter cells
Sexual reproduction
Goes through PMAT twice
Reproduction
Gametes
Cell divides twice
Chromosomes exchange DNA

6. Prokaryotic Both Eukaryotic
No membrane bound organelles
DNA – Circular
No Nucleus
Example: bacteria
Antibiotics are specific to these cells
Genetic Material – DNA
Ribosomes
Cell Membranes
Have organelles
Cells perform certain functions
Membrane bound organelles
DNA – double helix
Nucleus
Example: fungus and human cells
Antibiotics don’t work