1. The Renaissance

2. The Renaissance
How can we describe the Renaissance as a movement of “rediscovery” for Europe?
What were some of the significant innovations of the age?

3. The Early Modern Period
Early Modern (ca )
Followed Middle Ages
Trends
Movement toward secular state
Divided Western Christianity
Growing emphasis on science
Early globalization, European domination

4. Origins and Humanism The Renaissance
“Rebirth” of Greco-Roman culture, heritage
Italian Origins
Wealth
Remnants and ruins of ancient world
Spread north gradually

5. Origins and Humanism Humanism Emphasis: classical learning
Recapture culture of antiquity  improvement of individuals, society
Classical languages and documents, liberal arts
Impacted vernacular languages

6. Origins and Humanism Francesco Petrarch (1304-1374) Hated Middle Ages!
Encouraged revival of classical studies
Classical Latin
Poet, letter writer
Searched for ancient manuscripts

7. Origins and Humanism Erasmus of Rotterdam (1466-1536) Dutch
“Prince of Humanists”
Projects
Praise of Folly (1511)
Critical edition of Greek New Testament (1516)

8. Origins and Humanism Niccolò Machiavelli (1469-1527)
Florentine chancellor, experienced politician
The Prince (1513)
Prince might have to be immoral
Virtue in politics is ambiguous
“Political realism”

9. Origins and Humanism William Shakespeare (ca. 1564-1616)
Playwright, London
Greatest English writer
Many plays set in Roman, English past

10. Origins and Humanism

11. Origins and Humanism The Printing Press Attributed to Johann Gutenberg
Moveable lead type
Impact
Ideas spread rapidly
Increased literacy
Books now cheaper

12. Origins and Humanism
Questions?

13. Art and Architecture Medieval Traditions Spiritual iconography
Paintings influenced by Byzantine style
Gothic architecture
Madonna and Child (early 13th cent.)

14. Art and Architecture Renaissance Goals Imitate nature
Revive classical ideals
Portraiture, the individual
Emotion
Polykleitos, Doryphoros (ca. 450 BC)

15. Art and Architecture Linear Perspective Create illusion of 3D How?
Converging parallel lines
Varying sizes

16. Art and Architecture Donatello’s David (1428-1432)
Freestanding, life-sized nude
Renaissance traits
Classical nude male
Movement

17. Art and Architecture Leonardo’s The Last Supper (ca. 1495-98) Mural
Subject: announcement of coming betrayal of Christ
Renaissance traits: individuality, psychology

18. Art and Architecture Leonardo’s The Mona Lisa (1503-05)
Portrait of Donna Lisa
Individualized, yet idealized!
Ambiguous smile!

19. Art and Architecture

20. Art and Architecture Leonardo’s Embryo in the Womb (ca. 1510)
Leonardo’s The Virtruvian Man (1490)

21. Art and Architecture Michelangelo’s David (1501-04) Huge!
Pent-up energy
Psychology
Knowledge of human body

22. Art and Architecture
Michelangelo’s vaulted Ceiling, Sistine Chapel ( )

23. Art and Architecture
The Creation of Adam ( )

24. Art and Architecture
Raphael, The School of Athens ( )

25. Art and Architecture
Guess who?

26. Art and Architecture

27. Art and Architecture

28. Art and Architecture Northern Art Oil painting
Vibrant color
Minute detail
Spiritual symbolism, secular scenes
Example: Jan van Eyck’s The Arnolfini Portrait (1434)

29. Art and Architecture Façade of Sant’ Andrea, Mantua (ca. 1470)
Architect: Alberti
Temple front
Triumphal arch

30. Art and Architecture Dome, Florence Cathedral (1420-1436)
Cathedral’s construction began ca. 1296
Engineering problems  no dome!
Resolved by Brunelleschi

31. Art and Architecture
Questions?

32. The Renaissance
How can we describe the Renaissance as a movement of “rediscovery” for Europe?
What were some of the significant innovations of the age?