1. Communist China

2. Chinese Civil War
Communist: Mao Zedong
Nationalist Chiang Kai-Shek

3. 1949 – Fall of China Chiang Kai-Shek was defeated by Mao’s Red Army
Nationalist flee to island of Taiwan
Oct 1, Mao proclaims People’s Republic of China (PRC)
Two months later, Mao travels to Moscow,
negotiates the Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship, Alliance and Mutual Assistance.

4. Reasons relations with the Soviets soured
De-Stalinization
Low level of Soviet aid
Peaceful co-existence
Soviets concerned about Mao/nuclear weapons

5. Great Leap Forward
Reasons for failure: Food Shortages Industrial mis-management Peasant resistance

6. Cultural Revolution Mao is challenged by Deng Xiaoping (Pragmatists)
Radicals led by Mao and wife Jiang Jing insisted on strict obedience to revolutionary principles.
Red Guard “Little Red Book”
Schools closed, factory production dropped, violence erupted, mass killings

7. 1972 – Nixon visits China
Nixon becomes the first U.S. president to visit China, meeting with Mao Zedong on February 21.
The two countries issue a communique recognizing their "essential differences" while making it clear that "normalization of relations" was in all nations' best interests.
The rapprochement changes the balance of power with the Soviets.

8. 4 Modernizations Deng Era: Mao died in 1976 Pragmatists came to power
Gang of Four arrested
Agriculture
Industry
Science & Technology
Military

9. Tiananmen Square

10. video 1 Rising discontent
Gov’t: Encouraged free enterprise but refused political freedoms
Students and intellectuals organized and demanded a more open political system
May & June 1989, rallies in Beijing TS
Thousands of demonstrators were killed, many imprisoned, tortured.
Damage to prestige abroad
Economic boycott against China

11. China After Deng DX ruled behind the scenes until death in 1997
Jiang Zemin successor
State industries went public
Public works (3 Gorges Dam) projects help unemployment
Human Rights-raised possibility of reform
International Relations-China wants trade investment, resents Western human rights pressure
Opposition to Tibet/Dalai Lama

12. Asia

13. 1975-Cambodia “The Killing Fields”
Communist Khmer Rouge take power in Cambodia, April
Cambodia's educated and urban population forced into the countryside as part of a state experiment in agrarian communism.
Under the regime of Pol Pot, as many as 3 million Cambodians died from 1975 to 1979.

14. 1979-Afghanistan
December 25, 100,000 Soviet troops invaded Afghanistan as communist Babrak Karmal seized control of the government.
U.S.-backed Muslim guerrilla fighters waged a costly war against the Soviets for nearly a decade before Soviet troops withdraw in 1988.
Afghanistan—the Soviet “Vietnam”

15. Myanmar
2014