1. Door to Door Travel Model
Madrid,
Carla Ciruelos
On behalf of ICTS

2. 4 HOURS DOOR TO DOOR Background Not introduce again the project
ACARE: achieve Flightpath 2050 goals though the SRIA
What is the D2D process, which are the different stages of the project?

3. Baseline model describes D2D travel process.
FROM DOOR TO ORIGIN AIRPORT
AT ORIGIN AIRPORT
FLIGHT 1
AT TRANSIT AIRPORT
FLIGHT 2
AT DESTINATION AIRPORT
FROM DESTINATION AIRPORT TO DOOR
Stages
Baseline model describes D2D travel process.
D2D travel process seen in a broad sense.
Takes inter-modality into account.
Three overarching categories:
1. Surface or intermodal travel processes: From Door to Origin Airport / From Destination Airport to Door
2. Airport travel processes: At Origin Airport / At Transit Airport / At Destination Airport
3. Flight processes: Flight Phases

4. Due to extensive range of the full door-to-door process
FROM DOOR TO ORIGIN AIRPORT
By private car / taxi
By public transport (bus/metro); Intermodal
Check-in
Staffed
Kiosk
Schengen?
OK ?
YES
Boarding pass check
Passport check
Security screening
NON SCHENGEN BOARDING GATE
Gate process
YES NO NO
Secondary screening
Boarding pass check
Security screening
OK ?
YES
SCHENGEN BOARDING GATE
Gate process
BOARDING
SCHENGEN TO SCHENGEN NO
SCHENGEN BOARDING GATE
Gate process
Secondary screening
NON SCHENGEN TO NON SCHENGEN
AT TRANSIT AIRPORT
Leave aircraft
Standing
Taxi
Landing
Approach
En route
Initial climb
Takeoff
Taxi
Pushback / towing
Standing
NON SCHENGEN BOARDING GATE
Gate process
SCHENGEN TO NON SCHENGEN
BOARDING
Boarding pass check
Passport check
Security screening
OK ?
NON SCHENGEN BOARDING GATE
Gate process
YES
FROM DESTINATION AIRPORT TO DOOR
By private car / taxi
By public transport (bus/metro); Intermodal
Standing
Pushback / towing
NON SCHENGEN TO SCHENGEN NO
IMMIGRATION
Secondary screening
Taxi
BOARDING
CATER adopted empirical approach for representation of the D2D process:
Due to extensive range of the full door-to-door process
Due to need for an appropriate model that remains sufficiently understandable.
The primary use of D2D model:
to allow areas of research and innovation to be connected to those of its parts where they offer the most benefits in improving time efficiency
opposed to comparing different complex modeling approaches.
ARRIVAL
Customs
Takeoff
Boarding pass check
Security screening
OK ?
SCHENGEN BOARDING GATE
Gate process
YES
Initial climb
ARRIVAL
Baggage reclaim NO
En route
Secondary screening
Approach
YES
Schengen?
AT DESTINATION AIRPORT
Leave aircraft
AT DESTINATION AIRPORT
Movement in airport towards exit NO
Landing
Taxi
Standing
IMMIGRATION

5. FROM DOOR TO ORIGIN AIRPORT
Drive private car
Access airport parking area or drop-off zone
Walk or shuttle to terminal
Ride a taxi
Access airport taxi drop-off zone
Walk to terminal
AIRPORT PROCESSES
START
Enter terminal
Public transport: rail, bus, rapid transit system
Ride public transport
Walk to terminal
The D2D model works with four distinct modes of transportation.
The first two (usage of individual motor vehicles) differ only in the usage of private cars as opposed to the usage of taxi services.
Considers distances from parkings to terminals in hub airports (use of shuttles) as pertinent.
Fourth segment allows for combination of surface (or water) transport
Access multi-modal transport system
Ride multi-modal transport system
Walk to terminal

6. NON SCHENGEN BOARDING GATE Gate process
AT ORIGIN AIRPORT
Check-in
Staffed
Kiosk
Schengen? NO
Boarding pass check
Passport check
Security screening
OK ?
YES
NON SCHENGEN BOARDING GATE
Gate process NO
YES
Secondary screening
Boarding pass check
Security screening
OK ?
YES
SCHENGEN BOARDING GATE
Gate process
BOARDING
D2D model includes three airport-related segments.
D2D modular design allows further refinements and subdivisions of individual flow-chart elements, for example:
Online check-in = avoid waiting times in queues at staffed desks
Check-in at self-service kiosks = popular alternative
Bag drop counters vs. self bag drop
Type and implementation of technology at passenger security screening checkpoints and corresponding procedures
Design of airport processes in D2D model influenced by research done by the Eurocontrol experimental center in collaborative decision making (CDM) NO
Flight processes
Secondary screening

7. TRANSIT AIRPORT PROCESSES
FLIGHT 1
Standing
Pushback / towing
Taxi
Takeoff
Initial climb
En route
Approach
Landing
Taxi
Standing
TRANSIT AIRPORT PROCESSES
D2D model uses unified subdivision accepted in SESAR (consistent model).
Further refined into subdivisions by adopting an ICAO taxonomy.
The D2D model should allow for adequate representation of air traffic management, airspace control, and related areas.
The D2D model should give due attention to the EU’s move towards the Single European Sky and the reform of air traffic management (ATM) in Europe.
Importance of European air traffic control infrastructure modernization program (Single European Sky ATM Research, or SESAR) in this context.
SESAR aims at developing the new-generation air traffic management system capable of ensuring the safety and fluidity of air transport worldwide over the next 30 years.

8. SCHENGEN BOARDING GATE Gate process AT TRANSIT AIRPORT
SCHENGEN TO SCHENGEN
BOARDING
NON SCHENGEN BOARDING GATE
Gate process
AT TRANSIT AIRPORT
Leave aircraft
SCHENGEN TO NON SCHENGEN
Boarding pass check
Passport check
Security screening
OK ?
YES
NON SCHENGEN BOARDING GATE
Gate process NO
Flight processes
Middle airport segment describes the specific steps a passenger goes through when connecting between flights while in transit at an airport.
Demonstrates the potential complexity of transit processes and if such travel involves entering, exiting and/or transiting the Schengen area.
Important part of air traffic in Europe is connected to the hub operations of large airports.
NON SCHENGEN TO SCHENGEN
Secondary screening
BOARDING
IMMIGRATION
Boarding pass check
Security screening
OK ?
SCHENGEN BOARDING GATE
Gate process
YES NO
Secondary screening

9. DESTINATION AIRPORT PROCESSES
FLIGHT 2
Standing
Pushback / towing
Taxi
Takeoff
Initial climb
En route
Approach
Landing
Taxi
Standing
DESTINATION AIRPORT PROCESSES
D2D model uses unified subdivision accepted in SESAR (consistent model).
Further refined into subdivisions by adopting an ICAO taxonomy.
The D2D model should allow for adequate representation of air traffic management, airspace control, and related areas.
The D2D model should give due attention to the EU’s move towards the Single European Sky and the reform of air traffic management (ATM) in Europe.
Importance of European air traffic control infrastructure modernization program (Single European Sky ATM Research, or SESAR) in this context.
SESAR aims at developing the new-generation air traffic management system capable of ensuring the safety and fluidity of air transport worldwide over the next 30 years.

10. AT DESTINATION AIRPORT
AIRPORT TO DOOR
Customs
Baggage reclaim
Future improvement of the D2D model: give more attention to the baggage handling processes in the overall time efficiency system
The existing model opted for a passenger-oriented view.
YES
Movement in airport towards exit
Schengen? NO
Leave aircraft
IMMIGRATION

11. FROM DESTINATION AIRPORT TO DOOR
Walk or shuttle to parking area or pick-up zone
Leave airport parking area or pick-up zone
Ride private car
Access airport taxi pick-up zone
Queue for taxi
Ride a taxi
END
Exit terminal
Access nearest public transport
Ride public transport
Access destination point
Access multi-modal transport system
Ride multi-modal transport system
Access destination point

12. No commonly accepted, all-encompassing door-to-door model exists
Conclusions
No commonly accepted, all-encompassing door-to-door model exists
CATER’s D2D model covers the entire door-to-door set of domains that affect air transport time efficiency.
D2D model parts can be connected to different R&I types, needs and opportunities.