1. HISTORY OF INDIA
The relationships between Great Britain and India from 1600 to 2010.

2. THIS IS A MAP OF THE BRITISH EMPIRE IN 1927. WHAT IS IN RED ON THIS MAP ?

3. AT THE BEGINNING…
In 17th century, England had very closed relationships with India. But they were only trade relationships.
The East India Company traded spices, coffee, tea and above all printed cotton (“indiennes” in French) with Mugol empire.
In order to increase, the East India Company founded her first trading post into the harbour of Surat.

4. Bit by bit, East India Company became a sort of army and that allowed England to conquer lands of India and actual Bangladesh (18th century).
At this moment, England competed with France in order to conquer most of the lands in the world.
Why is it important for a country to have a lot of lands in the world ? What did the European states want to have a maximum of lands for ?

5. 1858 : INDIA IS DIRECTLY CONTROLLED BY ENGLAND.
The rebellion of natives (“Cipayes”) in the army of the East India Company decided the queen to control directly lands of India which were conquered by the Company.
So, there were in India lands which were directly administrated from London, and 565 princely states which were in another situation : the indirect rule.

6. AND IN 1876, QUEEN VICTORIA IS PROCLAIMED EMPRESS OF INDIA.

7. COLONIAL SOCIETY IN INDIA.
There were few English people in India :
Only English colons for 300 millions of Indian people in 1900.
Why ?
India is not a place where English people wanted to live juste like French people in Algeria for example.
English people were in India only to administrate lands. They were few. It was cheaper for England.
The government of lands of India was principally the Indirect Rule : Princes of these lands were loyal to England and England let them deal with the things on their lands.
The relationships between England and India were above all based on trade.

8. THEY WERE LIVING IN CANTONMENTS, WITHOUT CONTACT WITH INDIAN PEOPLE, EXCEPTED THEIR SERVANTS.

9. A tigers’ hunt for English people : a daily leisure…

10. NATIONALIST ACTIVITIES IN INDIA : GHANDHI.
1930, Salt march
1895, South Africa

11. 1947 : INDEPENDENCE OF INDIA.

12. The Indian flag 1931, during the World War II
1947, after the independance