1. Virus
The Papillomavirus is a DNA virus that causes warts. These infectious particles are small, about 15 nm in diameter
The Adenovirus is a DNA virus that causes colds and "pink eye".

2. Viral diseases in humans
HIV immune system
Chicken pox skin
Common cold Respiratory system
Influenza respiratory system
Measles skin
Mumps Salivary Tissue
Polio Nervous System

4. Definition
A virus is a small infectious piece of material— much smaller than a fungus or bacterium—that must invade a living cell to reproduce (replicate).

5. Adenovirus http://web.bham.ac.uk/can4psd4/adeno.gif

7. The polio virus, left, once crippled millions
The polio virus, left, once crippled millions. Courtesy of the MicrobeLibrary.org; © Jean-Yves Sgro, University of Wisconsin. The T4 bacteriophage, middle, is a virus that invades bacterial cells. Courtesy of the MicrobeLibrary.org; © Dennis Kunkel. Gold clusters bound to the knob protein of Adenovirus, right. Courtesy of Brookhaven National Laboratory.

8. Virus Basics not living but contain genetic material
lack all cell structures
can reproduce ONLY in living cells and do not carry out any other life processes.
they survive by using the cell’s “machinery” to reproduce

9. Virologist
Person who studies viruses

10. How Can you catch a virus?
1. Through the air
2. Through direct contact with body fluids (blood, saliva)
3. Through food.

11. More basics the Latin word for poison is virus
1892 a Russian biologist discovered the first virus (a plant virus)
has genetic material (DNA or RNA) wrapped in a protein coat
tobacco mosaic virus

12. What is a bacteriophage?
It is a bacteria “eater”
Since the invention of the electron microscope, it is known as a virus.
(we’ll use microviewers in class)

13. Size of common viruses Name Size Cowpox and smallpox 250 nm
Influenza, mumps
100 nm
Tobacco mosaic virus
65 nm
Yellow fever virus
22 nm
Polio
12 nm
Over 2 million cold viruses could fit on a period at the end of a sentence

14. Nanometer to meter {scientific notation}
Size
Conversion
250 nm
250 x 10-9
100 nm
x 10-9
65 nm
22 nm
12 nm
1 nm= meters

15. What is a vaccine? - It causes the body to attack and defend.
- It is a weakened virus or the virus has altered its RNA/DNA
- It causes the body to attack and defend.

16. How do viruses infect cells ?
The virus takes control of the cell machinery
The cell “forgets” its own needs and works for the benefit of the virus.
There are 4 steps to how a virus duplicates itself once it attaches to a cell :

17. Attach
Invade
Copy
Release 1 2 3 4

18. More on Active Viruses Attach
a specific virus attaches to the surface of
specific cell.
Invade
The genetic material of the virus is injected into the
host cell
Copy
The nucleus of the host cell begins copying the genetic
material of the virus
Release
The cell bursts and a lot of new viruses are released. The
new virus cells go on to infect other cells.

19. Living Versus Non-living