1. NONRENEWABLE AND RENEWABLE RESOURCES

2. NONRENEWABLE RESOURCES
A nonrenewable resource is a natural resource that cannot be re-made or re-grown at a scale comparable to its consumption.

3. Examples of non-renewable resources:
Nuclear energy
Coal
Petroleum
Natural gas

4. Nonrenewable energy resources removed from the earth’s crust include: oil, natural gas, coal, and uranium 4

5. Nuclear fission uses uranium to create energy.
NUCLEAR ENERGY
Nuclear fission uses uranium to create energy.
Nuclear energy is a nonrenewable resource because once the uranium is used, it is gone!

6. 6

7. Three Mile Island
March 29, 1979, a reactor near Harrisburg, PA lost coolant water because of mechanical and human errors and suffered a partial meltdown
50,000 people evacuated & another 50,000 fled area
Unknown amounts of radioactive materials released
Partial cleanup & damages cost $1.2 billion
Released radiation increased cancer rates. 7

8. Chernobyl
April 26, 1986, reactor explosion (Ukraine) flung radioactive debris into atmosphere
Health ministry reported 3,576 deaths
Green Peace estimates32,000 deaths;
About 400,000 people were forced to leave their homes
~160,000 sq km (62,00 sq mi) contaminated
> Half million people exposed to dangerous levels of radioactivity
Cost of incident > $358 billion 8

9. Effects of Chernobyl nuclear disaster9

10. Fukushima disaster – Japan, March 2011
before
Earthquake, followed by tsunami – subsequent loss of power to cool reactors, plus fire at plant

11. COAL, PETROLEUM, AND GAS
Coal, petroleum, and natural gas are considered nonrenewable because they can not be replenished in a short period of time. These are called fossil fuels. They are made of hydrocarbons.
• Oil and natural gas can provide three times as much energy as an equal mass of wood

12. HOW IS COAL MADE ???

13. Advantages and Disadvantages of Coal
Pros
Most abundant fossil fuel
Relatively cheap
Major U.S. reserves – contributes to energy independence
300 yrs. at current consumption rates
High net energy yield
Can be burned directly to produce a lot of heat in a stove, train engine or factory
Cons
Dirtiest fuel (produces particulate matter, carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide)
Mining causes major environmental degradation
Major threat to health
© Brooks/Cole Publishing Company / ITP 13

14. Natural gas Disadvantage: highly flammable
Natural gas is a mixture of methane and other gases.
Used to produce electricity, heat homes and water, Industry (heat for warmth and producing things), Vehicles, cooking
Advantages: produces large amounts of energy but lower levels of many air pollutants than coal or oil, easy to transport
Disadvantage: highly flammable

15. Oil/Petroleum
Deposits of crude oil often are trapped within the earth's crust and can be extracted by drilling a well
Used in industry to power machinery
and in transportation

16. HOW ARE OIL AND GAS MADE ???

17. Info for Oil: Risk of spills Infrastructure already in place 17 17

18. HMMMM....
If nonrenewable resources are resources that cannot be re-made at a scale comparable to its consumption, what are renewable resources?

19. RENEWABLE RESOURCES
Renewable resources are natural resources that can be replenished in a short period of time.
● Solar ● Geothermal
● Wind ● Biomass
● Water

20. Why is energy from the sun renewable?
SOLAR
Energy from the sun.
Why is energy from the sun renewable?

21. Energy from Earth’s heat.
GEOTHERMAL
Energy from Earth’s heat.
Advantage: unlimited source of cheap energy. Disadvantage: There are only a few places where magma comes close to Earth’s surface. Elsewhere, very deep wells are needed to tap this energy and that is expensive.

22. Why is energy from the wind renewable?

23. BIOMASS Energy from burning organic or living matter.
Examples include:
Wood, leaves, food wastes, and manure.

24. WATER or HYDROELECTRIC
Energy from the flow of water.
Why is energy of flowing water renewable?

25. Energy Efficiency
Energy efficiency – the amount of useful energy produced compared to the amount wasted as heat; built into the device or system, unavoidable waste
Examples of levels of energy efficiency:
human body:
20-25%
incandescent lightbulb: 5%
internal combustion engine:
steam turbine:
45%

26. Energy Conservation
Energy conservation – making an effort to reduce the amount of energy used… some waste can be avoided

27. Use of energy resources in the U.S.
U.S. has 4.6% of world population; uses 24% of the world’s energy 27

28. What are the differences between nonrenewable and renewable resources?
SUMMARY
What are the differences between nonrenewable and renewable resources?