1. Standard Input - Output
By: Muhammad Zidny Naf’an
Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012

2. Output Command cout() printf() puts() putchar()
Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012

3. cout() Show the data to screen
We must include header file “iostream.h”
Ex:
Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012

4. printf() Function declaration:
printf(“string control”, argument1, argument2);
Use header header
“stdio.h”
Data type
Determining
format
Integer %d
Float
decimal form
exponential
decimal and exponential %f %e %g
Double precission
%lf
Character %c
String %s
Unsigned integer %u
Long integer
%ld
Long unsigned integer
%lu
Unsigned hexadecimal integer %x
Unsigned octal integer %o
Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012

5. printf()
Ex:
Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012

6. puts() Print the string in the screen Use “stdio.h”
Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012

7. putchar() Print a character to screen
Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012

8. Manipulation
Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012

9. endl()
Insert new line
Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012

10. ends() Insert null character
Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012

11. dec, oct, hex Convert number to decimal, octal, and hexadecimal
Use “iomanip.h”
Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012

12. setprecission()
Formatting the number of decimal digit that will showed
Use “iomanip.h”
Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012

13. setbase(base number) To convert decimal, hexadesimal, and octal.
Base number: 10 for decimal, 8 for octal, 16 for hexdecimal
Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012

14. setw(int width) Set variable’s width in screen User “iomanip.h”
Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012

15. setfill(char character)
Fill blank from setw with character
Use iomanip.h
Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012

16. setiosflags() Formatting output
Example: Align text in screen (align left or right)
Using “iomanip.h”
Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012

17. Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012

18. Input Command cin scanf() gets() getch() getche()
Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012

19. cin Without formatting input Use “iostream.h”
Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012

20. scanf(“format setting”, &variable)
Input data with formatting
Data type
Determining
format
Integer %d
Float
decimal form
exponential %f %e
Double precision
%lf
Character %c
String %s
Unsigned integer %u
Long integer
%ld
Long unsigned integer
%lu
Unsigned hexadecimal integer %x
Unsigned octal integer %o
Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012

21. scanf(“format setting”, variable)
Example:
Use “stdio.h”
Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012

22. gets(char[] string) Input string from keyboard Use “stdio.h”
Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012

23. getch() Stands for get character and echo
Input one character, and we aren’t need push “enter” button to execute, and character will not be showed in screen
Use “conio.h”
Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012

24. getch() Stands for get character and echo
Input one character, and we aren’t need push “enter” button to execute, and character will be showed in screen
Use “conio.h”
Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012

25. Exercise
Write the program to count average from a student’s score. The are 3 scores.
Average Formula = (score1+score2+ score3)/3
Input format:
Output format:
********** INPUT SCORE *********
Name : <input>
score : <input>
score : <input>
score : <input>
********** AVERAGE SCORE *********
Name : <name>
score : <score1>
score : < score2>
score : < score3>
Average: <average>
Algorithm and Data Structure, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2012