1. Basics of Social Welfare
What is the stigma associated with social welfare and why is there one??
SW associated with poverty and the receipt of $
This comes from the value placed on work and reciprocity (pensioners “+” TANF “-”)
Explain these concepts work & reciprocity
Relationship b/w politics and social welfare
To be poor is disreputable enough but then to get $ is worse

2. What is Stigma? A. A genetic condition
B. A cornea shaped like rugby ball and not a sphere
C. A negative connotation based on a societal reaction to uncontrollable circumstances
D. Unfavorable opinions based on behavior

3. Economists & Stigma (Theories)
Statistical discrimination
Reliance & hard work are good (welfare
recipients don’t have this)
Taxpayer Resentment Theory
Welfare recipients undeserving
Individualism
Strive for success according to rules
Rules (equity & fairness)
Ability unequal reward for unequal talents
Hard work & ability success
Success & virtue relationship (All due to individual)
Self-selection and stigma
Self-selection is that folks identify stigma with things of they are not a part.

4. Explanations of social welfare offered by economic theory critiques emphasize
Fairness and equity
Its place and fit with the free market
Smaller case study approaches that look at the lives of individuals
A complete explanation of the phenomena

5. How do you define Social Welfare?
Exclusiveness
Inclusiveness
Economic transfers outside the system
Primary principle –price is driven by worth
Welfare recipients pay less than fair price
Examples?????
Method is clear & unambiguous
Covers services to non-poor reducing stigma

6. Meet Basic Needs Addresses health & economic adequacy
Satisfying standards of life and health
Minimum level of social functioning
What is essential??????

7. Functional Definition
Interdependent units full range of responsibilities
A society cannot survive if too many cannot function at this level, also
Social system cannot endure if too many cultural patterns of inefficiencies prevent interdependent functioning
History has changed this and led to creation of social welfare

8. Key terms
Social Structure how individuals achieve identity (status and role) > groups and organizations> institutions> society
Social Institutions (Production-Distribution-Consumption; Population-Socialization;Social Integration;Mutual Support;Social Control/Order; Social Change)
Family & kinship; Government; Economics; Religion; Education

9. Definitions of social welfare
Are conclusive and cover most critical concepts
Illuminate the complexity of the concept
Show the agreement between different approaches
All of the above

10. exercise What can you do to address it? Pick a specific own system
Family & kinship;
Government;
Economics;
Religion;
Education
What does stigma operate?
What can you do to address it?

11. Dependence, Interdependence, & the Social Welfare Institution
2 levels of functioning : individual performance & social institutions
Interdependence versus dependence
Industrialization brought deterioration in institutions and increase in members of high risk individuals (greater needs & less able to promote the kinds of changes needed)
Industrialization impaired tradtional institutions from addressin dependency
No one to help & an increase in becoming dependent.

12. Dependence/Opportunity
High levels of dependence >repression
Various methods of control
Create limited alternatives versus holding folks responsible
Two conceptions of social welfare
Institutional-all of us need help at one point or other
Residual –system of support when family & market do not meet needs
Health care from residual to institutional, welfare moving back to residual

13. Welfare State arguments
Incoherent-all things to all people
Economic prosperity renders this unnecessary
Cost is a threat to the economy
Squandering endless resources on “wrong people” with little impact
Creates dependence which threatens freedom

14. Inevitable adjustment
Current state is not a liberal initiative but a response to change
In former rural agriculture society welfare was not needed but it is necessary in current system
Rational response to modern problems of modernization

15. Welfare State revisited
Programmatic welfare state that devotes portion of gnp, through taxation, to social problems w/o altering economy
Redistributive welfare state has a focus on redistributing wealth & resources

16. American Beliefs GSS-2001 S. Services have gone too far
L (22%) M(36%) C(36%) 28%
Right on Track
L (77%) M(79%) C(63%) 73%
Should Gov. reduce $ Difs b/w rich and poor
Y L (36%) M(40%) C(24%) 26%
M L (25%) M(41%) C(32%) 51%
N L (17%) M(30%) C(52%) 73%