1. Paraphrasing & Summarising as part of Academic Honesty
Exhibition Process PYP 6
By:
Stefana Evi Indrasari

2. A paraphrase uses an author's idea, but expresses it in your own words - without quotation marks, since it's no longer a word-for-word quotation. And just changing a few words from the original doesn't count. On the paragraph it is placed together with other words before (not intended)
Paraphrasing

3. Paraphrasing is a way of presenting a text, keeping the same meaning, but using different words and phrasing. Paraphrasing is used with short sections of text, such as phrases and sentences.
A paraphrase may result in a longer, rather than shorter, version of the original text. It offers an alternative to using direct quotations and helps students to integrate evidence/ source material into assignments. Paraphrasing is also a useful skill for making notes from readings, note-taking in lectures, and explaining information in tables, charts and diagrams.
paraphrasing

4. Read the source carefully. It is essential that you understand it fully.
Identify the main point(s) and key words.
Cover the original text and rewrite it in your own words. Check that you have included the main points and essential information.
Write the paraphrase in your own style. Consider each point; how could you rephrase it?
Meaning: ensure that you keep the original meaning and maintain the same relationship between main ideas and supporting points.
Words: Use synonyms (words or expression which have a similar meaning) where appropriate. Key words that are specialised subject vocabulary do not need to be changed.
How to Paraphrase

5. If you want to retain unique or specialist phrases, use quotation marks (“ “).
Change the grammar and sentence structure. Break up a long sentence into two shorter ones or combine two short sentences into one. Change the voice (active/passive) or change word forms (e.g. nouns, adjectives).
Change the order in which information/ ideas are presented (as long as they still make sense in a different order).
Identify the attitude of the authors to their subject (i.e. certain, uncertain, critical etc) and make sure your paraphrase reflects this. Use the appropriate .
Review your paraphrase checking that it accurately reflects the original text but is in your words and style.
Record the original source (including the page number) so that you can provide a reference.
How to Paraphrase

6. Paraphrase short sections of work only; a sentence or two or a short paragraph.
As an alternative to a direct quotation.
To rewrite someone else's ideas without changing the meaning.
To express someone else's ideas in your own words.
To support claims in, or provide evidence for, your writing.
When to Paraphrase

7. To get down the meaning of someone else’s words when:
Their exact words are not important.
Their exact words are not appropriate (style too dense or too simple for example) or useful (what they emphasize is different from what you want to emphasize).
To show that you have command of the material (not a slave to the original author’s word).
To “shorten” a section from the source that is too long to quote.
To demonstrate comprehension (independent assignment).
Purpose

8. A summary is an overview of a text
A summary is an overview of a text. The main idea is given, but details, examples and formalities are left out. Used with longer texts, the main aim of summarising is to reduce or condense a text to its most important ideas. Summarising is a useful skill for making notes from readings and in lectures, writing an abstract/synopsis and incorporating material in assignments.
Summarising

9. The amount of detail you include in a summary will vary according to the length of the original text, how much information you need and how selective you are:
Start by reading a short text and highlighting the main points as you read.
Reread the text and make notes of the main points, leaving out examples, evidence etc.
Without the text, rewrite your notes in your own words; restate the main idea at the beginning plus all major points.
How to Summarise

10. Summarise long sections of work, like a long paragraph, page or chapter. 
To outline the main points of someone else's work in your own words, without the details or examples.
To include an author's ideas using fewer words than the original text.
To briefly give examples of several differing points of view on a topic.
To support claims in, or provide evidence for, your writing.
When to Summarise

11. purpose To get down the gist of someone else’s work.
To avoid unnecessary details when the main point is all you need.
To show that you understand what the source is saying.
To refresh the reader’s memory if they have read the source.
To give your audience a general introduction to the source.
purpose

12. Quoting & Citing as part of Academic Honesty
Exhibition Process PYP 6
By:
Stefana Evi Indrasari

13. Quoting Matches the source word for word.
Uses the exact words of another author.
Exact same length as the source, unless you follow the rules for adding or deleting material from the quote. Source: Boundless. “Using Quotations versus Citations.” Boundless Writing. Boundless, 27 Jun Retrieved 06 Feb from  writing-textbook/academic-writing-3/quoting-19/using-quotations-versus-citations /
Quoting

14. To provide credibility for what you are saying (you support your point by quoting an authority).
To get someone’s exact words (when HOW someone said something is an important as what they said.
Purpose

15. How to quote Copy the source’s words exactly
Put quotation marks within quotes.
Check the rules for capitalisation and punctuation.
Put citation according to whatever style your teacher requires (eg. MLA, ALA)
How to quote

16. A citation is using a particular idea that you got from another author.
when using your own words, you cite
Reference citations are used when you want to paraphrase and summarise sentences, passages and ideas in your own words to represent the author’s ideas. Source: Boundless. “Using Quotations versus Citations.” Boundless Writing. Boundless, 27 Jun Retrieved 06 Feb from  textbook/academic-writing-3/quoting-19/using-quotations-versus-citations /
Citing

17. Purpose Borrow other author’s idea Strengthen your points
Give information about the source
Rise awareness of the importance of bibliography
Purpose

18. Things that are considered “common knowledge” do not need to be cited.
Example:
Indonesian independence day is August 17
One sentence is common knowledge and the other is not. How to differentiate them, which one is common knowledge and which one should be cited?
Bram Stoker is the author of Dracula
Bram Stoker’s death certificate suggest that he died of tertiary syphilis
How to cite

19. The first information is a common knowledge you don’t need to cite it but when in doubt it is better to cite it than not
The second information is definitely need to be cited because it is taken from this journal article:
Fry, Carrol L., and John Robert Craig. “ ‘Unfit for Earth, Undoomed for Heaven’: The Genesis of Coppola’s Byronic Dracula.” Literature and Film Quarterly 30.4 (2002):

20. Write down the author’s name (last name, first name).
Write the title in quotation (“……………….”.)
The date the article was written
The title of the websites in italic
The date when it is accessed
Complete address page
Cite from the internet

21. Reduce the chances of sandwiches returning home untouched by keeping them interesting – and we don’t just mean the fillings! Steer clear of the usual plain white bread, since it usually goes soggy before recess. Instead, try using wraps, flat breads, grainy rolls, crackers, bagels and high fibre loaves. While it’s important to choose high fibre and wholegrain varieties, taste and texture is still important to kids.
Tip: If your kids just won’t eat anything except the white fluffy stuff, choose a white bread with added fibre.
Crothers, Bobbie. “Healthy Lunch Box”. Healthy Food Guide. 11 Feb Retrieved 6 Feb, 2015 from
to-school-special-how-to-pack-a-healthy- lunchbox#sthash.03yNgqI2.dpuf,

22. Credit the Source (Bibliography)
FOR A BOOK: 
Author’s last name, first name. Title of book. Place of publication: Publisher, copyright year.
example:
Fogle, Bruce. Training Your Dog. New York: DK Publishing, 2001.
If you only used part of a book:
Fogle, Bruce. Training Your Dog. New York: DK Publishing, 2001, pp
Credit the Source (Bibliography)

23. FOR A MAGAZINE OR NEWSPAPER ARTICLE: 
Article author’s last name, first name. "Title or headline of article.
" Name of magazine or newspaper. Date of magazine or newspaper, page(s).
example:
McGill, Kristy. "A Baltic Scramble." Faces. May, 2003, p. 27.

24. FOR AN INTERNET ADDRESS:
Author’s last name, first name. "Title of item." [Online] Available 
date of document or download.
example:
DiStefano, Vince. "Guidelines for Better Writing." [Online] Available      writing.html, October 5, 2002.
This example of how to cite an INTERNET source was downloaded from this online source.

25. FOR AUDIOVISUAL MATERIALS: 
Title of material. Type of material. Place of publication: Publisher, copyright date.
example:
Bizet’s Dream. Videotape. New York: Sony Wonder, 1998.

26. Bibliographies: Bizet’s Dream. Videotape. New York: Sony Wonder, 1998.
Clark, William W. "Gothic Art." World Book Encyclopedia      Volume 8, pp
DiStefano, Vince. "Guidelines for Better Writing." [Online] Available      October 5, 2002.
Fogle, Bruce. Training Your Dog. New York: DK Publishing, 2001, pp
"Golden Retriever." World Book Encyclopedia Volume 8, p.255.
McGill, Kristy. "A Baltic Scramble." Faces. May, 2003, p. 27.

27. FOR AN ENCYCLOPEDIA ARTICLE THAT IS SIGNED: 
Article author’s last name, first name. "Title of article." Name of encyclopedia. Copyright year. Volume number, page(s).
example:
Clark, William W. "Gothic Art." World Book Encyclopedia      Volume 8, pp

28. FOR AN ENCYCLOPEDIA ARTICLE THAT ISN’T SIGNED:
"Title of article." Name of encyclopedia. Copyright year. Volume number, page(s).
example:
"Golden Retriever." World Book Encyclopedia Volume 8, p.255.

29. Key Middle School Library. “A Guide To Preparing A Works Cited”
Key Middle School Library. “A Guide To Preparing A Works Cited”. [Online] Available at ww.fcps.edu/KeyMS/library/bibliography.html May 16, 2011 The Regents of The University of California. “Whya Academic Integrity Matters. [Online] Available February 4, "Titanic Disaster." Encarta 99 Encyclopedia. CD-ROM Vaughan Memorial Library; The Governors of Acadia University. You Quote It, You Note It! [Online] Available February 4, Watson, Cosmo. Personal interview. July 29, 2003.

30. Citing Images, Video Guest Speaker and Interview

31. Find the Information for an Image on the Internet from a Web Page
1. Look around the image  name for the artist or photographer  If one is used, write their name.   Check to see of the image has a title.  If it has a title, write it down  Locate the name of the webpage by looking at the banner at the top of the web page and write it down  Locate the name of the organization that is publishing the image.  This is located at the bottom of the web page.  Look for the copyright symbol.  The name of the organization is usually next to it. Write it down  Locate either the copyright date or date last updated  Write down the date you are downloading the image. 
Find the Information for an Image on the Internet from a Web Page

32. CITING DIGITAL IMAGES FROM WEB PAGES
1. The name of the photographer or person who created the image, if known.   The Title (or caption) of the image --Italicized.  If you are using the caption and it's very long, you can just include the beginning words of it.  If no title or caption is given, give a short description of the work and do not italicize it.  Write Digital Image after the title/caption.*  Title of Website - Website where the image was found.  Italicized The publisher of the Website - This is the name of the organization responsible for the website, followed by a comma.  (Publisher's name is usually at the bottom of the home webpage.)  If no publisher is given, use n.p. ("no publisher") The date that the source was electronically published.--or  the last update or revision date, written in MLA format (day-month-year).  If no date is given, us n.d. ("no date")  Date of access written in MLA format (day-month-year)  URL (Uniform Resource Locator) - Write in angel brackets, with a period at the end.  To avoid long URLs use the URL for the main page of the website.
CITING  DIGITAL  IMAGES  FROM  WEB   PAGES

33. An online photo where the photographer's name is unknown
An online photo where the photographer's name is unknown.  The title is taken from the caption, so it is italicized Galactic Collision.  Digital image.  It's the end of the Galaxy as          We Know It.  UC San Diego, n.d.   Web  15 Dec          <
An online photo when neither the title or caption is given.  A short description, not in italics, is used instead Kailua Beach.  Digital image.  Auntie Barbara's Vacation Rentals,         Kailus Oahu.  Auntie Barbara's Vacation Rentals, n.d.  Web           7 Jan 2011   <
EXAMPLEs

34. How To Get The Information For an Image Found on Google Images
1. Click on the image   A new window will open.  The image will appear with a column next to it.  At the top of the column is a link titled "Website for this Image".   Click on that link and it will take you to the website of that image.    Once you are on that website, follow the directions above for finding information about an image on a website.
How To Get The Information For an Image Found on Google Images

35. Name of producer or director. Year of publication. Title (italic)
Name of producer or director. Year of publication. Title (italic). City: Production House.
Rivera, J. (Producer), & Docter, P. (Director). (2002). Monsters Inc. [Motion Picture]. California, CA: Buena Vista Home Entertainment.
In text citation (Rivera & Docter, 2002)
Film on DVD/Video

36. Online Video clip (e.g. YouTube)
A video taken from a website such as YouTube should be referenced as a webpage.
Geisler, R. (Producer), & Malick, T. (Director). (1998). The thin red line. [Video].
California, CA: 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment. Retrieved from
Feb 12, 2015.
In text citation  (Geisler & Malick, 1998)
Sandberg, S. (2010, December 21). Why we have too few women leaders [Video]. Retrieved from  _few_women_leaders.html, Feb 12, 2015.
In text citation (Sandberg, 2010)
Leelefever. (2007, May 29). Talking in plain English [Video]. Retrieved from
Feb 12, 2015.
In text citation (Leeleferver, 2007) 
Online Video clip (e.g. YouTube)

37. CD-ROM "Article title." CD-ROM title. CD-ROM. Copyright date. example:
"Titanic Disaster." Encarta 99 Encyclopedia. CD-ROM
In text citation (“Titanic Disaster”, 1999)
CD-ROM

38. FOR AN INTERVIEW/A GUEST SPEAKER: 
Name of person interviewed (last name first). Kind of interview. Date.
example:
Watson, Cosmo. Personal interview. July 29,

39. INTERVIEW/Guess Speaker
PUBLISHED INTERVIEW FROM PUBLICATION: Last Name, First Name. Interview with First Name Last Name. Publication Title. Publication Information.
PUBLISHED INTERVIEW FROM RADIO/TV PROGRAM: Last Name, First Name. Interview with First Name Last Name. Program Title. Network,Call letters, Date Interviewed.
UNPUBLISHED INTERVIEW: Last Name, First Name. Interview by First Name Last Name. Interview Type. Location, Date Interviewed.
INTERVIEW/Guess Speaker

40. CITING KNOWN ARTWORK, PAINTINGS OR PHOTOGRAPHY, POSTED ONLINE
1. The year the artwork was created, if known The name and location of the museum or institution where the artwork is held, if known  Do not include the description, Digital Image.
CITING  KNOWN  ARTWORK,   PAINTINGS  OR  PHOTOGRAPHY,  POSTED ONLINE

41. The original painting is owned by the National Gallery of Art in Washington, D. C.  The image of the painting was accessed through biblio.org; The Public's Library and Digital Archive Rembrandt.  The Mill.  1650.  National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C.  Web       19 Sept  Web. 21 Dec         < embrandt/1650/>
Example

42. CITING IMAGES FROM ONLINE LIBRARY SUBSCRIPTION DATABASES
Many subscription databases will provide the correct citation for an image.  When the citation is provided: Cut and paste it into your Bibliography or Works Cited List.  The first word of the citation is used to put the citation in alphabetical order in your Bibliography or Works Cited List  Italicize the title if it is in quotation marks.  Delete the quotation marks in the title, if they are there  Add the word Image after the title/caption if it is not included in the database citation. When the Citation is not provided:  List the title or caption of the picture in italics followed by the word Image  Use one of the citation makers with the appropriate information to create the rest of the citation and copy and paste it into your Bibliography or Works Cited List.
CITING  IMAGES  FROM  ONLINE   LIBRARY  SUBSCRIPTION   DATABASES

43. From the Gale Databases
From the Gale Databases.  The title was changed to being italicized instead of being in quotation marks and the word Image was added Salon Du Chocolat In Paris. Image.  UPI Photo Collection.         United Press International, 2010. Culinary Arts Collection.        Web. 1 May 2012.
EXAMPLE

44. All material copyright of Sarah J
All material copyright of Sarah J. Alexander Site created 9/30/12 Last Updated 11/03/14