1. PBN Performance Based Navigation
Concept & Change -
ICAO Performance Symposium
March 2007
Federal Aviation
Administration
Presented by: Lex Hendriks, EUROCONTROL

2. Elements of PBN Concept
NAVIGATION
APPLICATION 3 3
NAVIGATION
SPECIFICATION 2 2
NAVAID
INFRASTRUCTURE 1 1

3. Elements of PBN Concept
NAVIGATION
APPLICATION 3 3
NAVIGATION
SPECIFICATION 2 2
NAVAID
INFRASTRUCTURE 1 1

4. Elements of PBN Concept - Navaid Infrastructure -
Ground-based Navigation Aids (Navaids)
VOR; DME; (Not NDB)
Space-based Navaids
GNSS
GPS; Glonass; future Galileo
NAVAID
INFRASTRUCTURE 1 2

5. Elements of PBN Concept
NAVIGATION
APPLICATION 3 3
NAVIGATION
SPECIFICATION 2 2
NAVAID
INFRASTRUCTURE 1 1

6. Elements of PBN Concept - Navigation Specification -
International Navigation Specifications published in Volume II of PBN Manual
Aim is to
limit
number
of Nav. Specs
in global use
What PERFORMANCE is required of the RNAV system?
What Functionalities must RNAV system have to achieve Performance
What Navigation Sensors must be integrated in RNAV system to achieve Performance
What requirements are placed on the Air crew to achieve the required Performance from the RNAV system?
Accuracy
Integrity
Continuity
Availability
NAVIGATION
SPECIFICATION 2 3
Document used by State as basis for developing Certification & Operational Approval

7. Elements of PBN Concept - Navigation Specification -
PERFORMANCE
Functionalities
Navigation Sensors
Air crew requirements 3
NAVIGATION
SPECIFICATION 2
Previous
RNP
Concept
Document used by State as basis for developing Certification & Operational Approval
International Navigation Specifications published in Volume II of PBN Manual

8. Elements of PBN Concept - Navigation Specification -
International NS in Volume II of PBN Manual
NAVIGATION
SPECIFICATION 2 3
RNAV System PERFORMANCE
Document used by State as basis for Certification & Operational Approval
RNAV
RNP
On-Board performance Monitoring and Alerting
Better Performance

9. Elements of PBN Concept - Navigation Specification -
RNAV
RNP
On-Board performance Monitoring and Alerting
On-board performance monitoring and alerting does not only refer to ‘containment’ in the MASPS; Annex 11 or PANS-OPS.
On-board performance monitoring and alerting allows the air crew to detect that the RNAV system is not achieving the navigation performance required of the RNAV system

10. Elements of PBN Concept - Navigation Specification -
ICAO
NAVIGATION
SPECIFICATIONS
RNAV SPECIFICATIONS
RNP SPECIFICATIONS
International NS in Volume II of PBN Manual

11. Elements of PBN Concept - Designation -
NAVIGATION
APPLICATION 1
NAVIGATION
SPECIFICATION 3 X
RNAV
RNP X
NAVAID
INFRASTRUCTURE 2
RNAV 10
B-RNP 1
RNAV 5
RNP APCH
RNP AR APCH X
RNAV
RNP X
RNP
descriptor
RNAV 10
B-RNP 1
RNP APCH
RNAV 5
RNP AR APCH
X = Navigation Accuracy in NM

12. Elements of PBN Concept
NAVIGATION
APPLICATION 3 3
NAVIGATION
SPECIFICATION 2 2
NAVAID
INFRASTRUCTURE 1 1

13. Elements of PBN Concept - Navigation Application -3 1
The APPLICATION (use of) the Navigation Specification and Navaid Infrastructure -
For example: Routes based on RNAV and RNP Specifications (these rely on the Navaid Infrastructure);
For example: SIDs/STARs based on RNAV and RNP Specifications;
For example: Approach procedures based on RNP Specifications

14. Elements of PBN Concept
NAVIGATION
APPLICATION 3 3
NAVIGATION
SPECIFICATION 2 2
NAVAID
INFRASTRUCTURE 1 1

15. Example: RNAV 1 Specification
APPLICATION
NAVAID
INFRASTRUCTURE
ICAO RNAV 1
SPECIFICATION
PERFORMANCE
Functionalities
Navigation Sensors
Air crew requirements
Navigation Sensors
(1) DME/DME/IRU
(1) DME
(2) DME/DME
(2) DME
(3) GNSS
(3) GPS

16. E.G: RNAV 1 Specification (A)
STATE (A)
RNAV 1
APPLICATION 1
State A 3
STATE (A)
RNAV 1
SPECIFICATION
NAVAID
INFRASTRUCTURE 2
Navigation Sensors
(1) DME/DME/IRU
(1) DME
(3) GNSS
(3) GPS

17. E.G: RNAV 1 Specification (B)
STATE (B)
RNAV 1
APPLICATION 1
State B 3
STATE (B)
RNAV 1
SPECIFICATION
NAVAID
INFRASTRUCTURE 2
Navigation Sensors
(1) DME/DME/IRU
(1) DME
(2) DME/DME
(2) DME

18. COM NAV SUR ATM Context of PBN Airspace Concept Airspace Concept PBN
NAVIGATION
APPLICATION
NAVAID
INFRASTRUCTURE
SPECIFICATION
PBN

19. PBN Concept Summary (1) NAVIGATION APPLICATION NAVIGATION
Use of Navigation Specification & Navaid Infrastructure (together)
PBN
NAVIGATION
SPECIFICATION
NAVAID
INFRASTRUCTURE
RNAV SYSTEM PERFORMANCE
Functionalities
Navigation Sensors
Air crew requirements
Ground Based Navaids
Space-Based Navaids

20. (Ground- Space-based)
Concept Summary (2)
NAVIGATION
APPLICATION 1
(Use of NS & NI) X
RNAV
RNP 3
NAVIGATION
SPECIFICATION
NAVAID
INFRASTRUCTURE 2
(RNAV System Perf.)
(Ground- Space-based)
RNAV
RNP X X
RNP
descriptor

21. Concept Summary (3)
NAVIGATION
SPECIFICATION
RNAV
RNP

22. Concept Summary (3)
NAVIGATION
APPLICATION
RNAV
RNP

23. Why Change to PBN? Proliferation of national standards
PERFORMANCE
Functionalities
Navigation Sensors
Air crew requirements
Previous
RNP
Concept
Proliferation of national standards
Wide variety of functional requirements
Variety of required navigation sensors
Differing air crew requirements
Lack of global harmonsiation
Publication of PBN navigation specifications
seeks to limit number of certification standards

24. PBN BENEFITS Reduction to number of sensor-specific routes
Allows more efficient use of airspace
Clarifies how RNAV systems are to be used
Facilitates operational approval process for operators by providing limited set of navigation specifications intended for global use
Provides potential to exploits capabilities of advanced RNAV systems
Enables navigation applications for Terminal Airspace