1. Earth Science SAGE Workbook SAGE Review

2. Page 16 Standard 4: Objective 3:
Students will understand the dynamics of the hydrosphere.
Objective 3:
Analyze the physical, chemical, and biological dynamics of the oceans and the flow of energy through the oceans.

3. Page 16
Research how the oceans formed from outgassing by volcanoes and ice from comets.

4. Page 16
Investigate how salinity, temperature, and pressure at different depths and locations in oceans and lakes affect saltwater ecosystems.

5. Page 16
Design and conduct an experiment comparing chemical properties (e.g., chemical composition, percent salinity) and physical properties (e.g., density, freezing point depression) of freshwater samples to saltwater samples from different sources.

6. Page 16
Model energy flow in the physical dynamics of oceans (e.g., wave action, deep ocean tides circulation, surface currents, land and sea breezes, El Niño, upwellings).

7. Page 16
Evaluate the impact of human activities (e.g., sediment, pollution, overfishing) on ocean systems.