1. Elements, Compounds, Mixtures and Solutions

2. Matter
Pure Substance- a substance with a definite and constant composition
Mixture
Solution (Homogeneous)
Heterogeneous Mixture
Element
Compound
Made of…
Made of…
Made of…
Made of…
Examples…
Examples…
Examples…
Examples…

3. Elements
Made of only ONE
type of ATOM.
Lithium 3 Li
7.00

4. CANNOT be separated into simpler substances by PHYSICAL or CHEMICAL means.
Lithium 3 Li
7.00

5. SAME properties throughout the substance (aluminum can is made of aluminum atoms only, same properties throughout can)

6. Although a meteorite might travel more than 400 million Km (248 million miles) to reach Earth, the particles of iron in a meteorite are identical to the particles of iron in objects around your home!

7. Examples…
Na (Sodium)
Al (Aluminum)
Calcium (Ca)
Nitrogen (N)

8. We use properties of elements all of the time because we can rely on them
Copper conducts electricity very fast, so it makes the best wires (people actually rob houses for copper!)
Helium balloons always float because helium is less dense than air.
Gold makes great jewelry because it is hard to scratch, its durable, and won’t tarnish or rust.

9. Aluminum foil is a good conductor and it bends so it makes a good tool for keeping food warm!
Neon gas looks really COOL when electric currents pass through it!

10. Matter Pure Substance Mixture Element Compound Examples…
Solution (Homogeneous)
Heterogeneous Mixture
Element
Compound
Made of…
Made of…
Made of…
Made of…
Examples…
Examples…
Examples…
Examples…

11. Made of TWO or more ELEMENTS that are CHEMICALLY combined or (bonded).
Compounds
Made of TWO or more ELEMENTS that are CHEMICALLY combined or (bonded).

12. How they are formed: Compounds ONLY combine by undergoing a chemical change or chemical reaction.

13. How they are broken apart: Compounds can only be broken down back into elements by chemical reactions.

14. (Na and Cl are both toxic, but combined make table salt!)
A COMPOUND has DIFFERENT properties than the individual ELEMENTS that make it up
(Na and Cl are both toxic, but combined make table salt!)

15. Examples…
H2O (Water)
CO2 (Carbon Dioxide)
NaCl (salt)

16. Element or Compound?!
Oxygen (O)

17. Element or Compound?!
Carbon Dioxide (CO2)

18. Element or Compound?!
Fl (Fluorine)

19. Hyrogen Perioxide (H2O2)
Element or Compound?!
Hyrogen Perioxide (H2O2)

20. Element or Compound?!
Neon (Ne)

21. Matter Pure Substance Mixture Element Compound Examples…
Solution (Homogeneous)
Heterogeneous Mixture
Element
Compound
Made of…
Made of…
Made of…
Made of…
Examples…
Examples…
Examples…
Examples…

22. Solution (homogenous mixture)
Homo means “same”
A mixture that APPEARS to be a single substance but is composed of 2 or more substances that are evenly distributed.
The particles of one substance DISSOLVE or spread evenly throughout another evenly.

23. TWO parts to a solution:
solute= substance that gets dissolved (salt, sugar, food coloring)
Solvent = substance that does the dissolving (water is the universal solvent)

24. Do ALL things dissolve? NO!!
Soluble- a substance that is able to dissolve (Kool-aid is soluble in water.)
Solvent = a substance that DOES NOT dissolve (rocks are insoluble in water)

25. Examples…
Air (gas in gas)
Soda (CO2 in water)
Salt H2O (salt in water)

26. Dry air (oxygen in nitrogen)
Examples of Different States in Solutions
Gas in Gas
Dry air (oxygen in nitrogen)
Gas in Liquid
Soft drinks (carbon dioxide in water)
Liquid in Liquid
Antifreeze (alcohol in water)
Solid in Liquid
Salt water (salt in water)
Solid in Solid
Brass (zinc in copper)

27. Matter Pure Substance Mixtures Elements Compounds Examples…
Homogeneous
(solutions)
Elements
Compounds
Heterogeneous
Made of…
Made of…
Made of…
Made of…
Examples…
Examples…
Examples…
Examples…

28. Heterogeneous Can easily be separated because of their visible parts.
Hetero means “different”
Made of more
than one
kind of a substance
Can easily be separated because of their visible parts.

29. Components of a mixture have no definite distribution

30. Parts have the same identity alone or as part of the mixture
Parts have the same identity alone or as part of the mixture. (ex: raisins are the same in trail mix as if taken out)
Examples…
Lucky Charms
Trail Mix
Salad