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Organization Culture and Project Management
Presented by… John T. Ikeda, PMP, MAOL
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Today’s Journey Perceptions of Project Management
The Curse of Project Management Organization Structure and Culture
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Perceptions of Project Management
Form of control A list of tasks Planning Accountability Supervision Highlight Accountability
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What is Project Management?
…the application of knowledge, skills, tools and techniques to project activities to meet project requirements Requirements Deliverables Activities
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Something isn’t right…
Little Improvement in Project Outcomes Developed PM processes & procedures Performed Training Purchased Tools PM is established in your organization
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Is There a Curse? Standish International’s CHAOS Report
Formal Survey of IT Industry 1994 – Baseline data 2009 – 15 Year Assessment Corresponds well with increase in PM
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Trends in Project Outcomes
31% 16% 53% 1994 Report 53% 16% 31% 2009 Report Cancelled or Not Completed On-Time, On-Budget, Within Scope Challenged
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Origin of the Curse Project Manager Narrow focus! Team Members
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The Cure – What it’s not Not in more process and procedures
Not in software Not in more training
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The Cure? Adapting PM to Culture
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Understanding Culture as the Cure
Project Manager Team Members
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Organization Goals and Strategy Size Environment Culture Technology
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Entrepreneurial Culture
Types of Culture Environment Flexible Stable External Internal Mission Culture Entrepreneurial Culture Strategic Focus Clan Culture Bureaucratic Culture
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Entrepreneurial Culture
Characteristics Flexible Fast Moving Free wheeling Market Driven Outward Focus PM Considerations Simple processes Flexible Creative Solutions Simplify approvals
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Characteristics Inward focus People driven Rewards & Incentives
Clan Culture Characteristics Inward focus People driven Rewards & Incentives Involve others Collaborative PM Considerations More meetings Collaboration Celebrate Often Rewards Schedule flexible
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Focus on mission – not processes
Mission Culture Characteristics Inward focus Mission driven PM Considerations Focus on mission – not processes Be prepared for metrics that may be out of the PM norm.
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Ensure organization buys into project Process Driven
Bureaucratic Culture Characteristics Inward focus Process driven Accuracy is important Hierarchical PM Considerations Ensure organization buys into project Process Driven Allow time for approvals
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Culture Size/Complexity PMO Complex Formal Teams Informal Teams Small
Project Management Office Complex Formal Teams Size/Complexity Informal Teams Small Informal Formal Unstructured Culture Structured
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Entrepreneurial Culture
Complex Formal Strategy 3 PMO Size/Complexity 2 Formal Teams Entrepreneurial Culture Clan Culture Mission Culture Bureaucratic Culture 1 Informal Teams Small Informal Strategy Unstructured Structured
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Personal Style and Culture
07 10 13 16 19 Task Unstructured Task Structured “O” Scale 24 27 30 33 35 People Unstructured People Structured “E” Scale
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Entrepreneurial Culture
Types of Culture Environment Flexible Stable External Internal Mission Culture Entrepreneurial Culture Strategic Focus Clan Culture Bureaucratic Culture
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Dealing with Culture Reset Senior Management Expectations
Adjust PM Methodology Implement Changes as a Business Initiative
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John Ikeda, PMP (916)
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