1. Introduction to Animal Tissue culture
LECTURE OF SUBJECT :
Dr. sharafaldin Al-musawi
College of Biotecholgy
LECTURE: 1
SUBJECT: Animal Tissue culture
LEVEL: 4
Introduction to
Animal Tissue culture

2. What is tissue culture?
In vitro culture (maintain and/or proliferate) of cells, tissues or organs.
Types of tissue culture
Cell culture
Primary explant culture
Organ culture

3. Three major categories
of tissue culture
Cell culture:
Adherent monolayer on a solid substrate (various cell types) or suspension in the culture medium (few cell types).
Primary explant culture: A fragment of tissue attachment and migration occurs in the plane of the solid substrate.
Organ culture: A spherical or three-dimensional shape specific histological interaction.
Cell culture
Explant culture
Organ culture
Explant: living cells, tissues, or organs from animals or plants that transfer to a nutrient medium.

4. Cell culture & Enzymatic Dissociation
Tissue from an explant is dispersed, mostly enzymatically, into a cell suspension which may then be cultured as a monolayer or suspension culture.

5. Advantages & Disadvantages
Development of a cell line over several generations
Scale-up is possible
Absolute control of physical environment
Homogeneity of sample
Less compound needed than in animal models
Disadvantages
Cells may lose some differentiated characteristics.
Hard to maintain
Only grow small amount of tissue at high cost
Dedifferentiation
Instability, aneuploidy

6. Tissue Culture
Is the growth of tissues or cells separate from the organism.
This is typically facilitated via use of a liquid, semi-solid, or solid growth medium, such as broth or agar.

7. Advantages & Disadvantages
Some normal functions may be maintained.
Better than organ culture for scale-up but not ideal.
Disadvantages
Original organization of tissue is lost.

8. Organ culture
The entire embryos or organs are excised from the body and culture.

9. Organ culture Advantages
Normal physiological functions are maintained.
Cells remain fully differentiated.
Disadvantages
Scale-up is not recommended.
Growth is slow.
Fresh explantation is required for every experiment.

10. EMP04 10