1. Unit 2 ECOLOGY!

2. Review Checkpoint Question
What are the 7 levels in the hierarchy of organization found in living things?
Atoms
Molecules
Cells
Tissues
Organs
Organs Systems
Organism

3. Organism, is NOT the last level of organization.
What are the other levels?
(textbook page 21)
Population
Community
Ecosystem
Biome
Biosphere

4. Textbook page 64 Define the following in your notes: Species
Population
Communities
Ecosystem
Biome
Biosphere
When finished, study them for a game.

5. Ecology
Is the scientific study of interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment.

6. Questions! Textbook page 65 Section Assessment #’s 1 and 3
1. List the 6 different levels of organization that ecologists study, in order from smallest to largest.
3. Identify 2 ways in which you interact every day with each of the 3 parts of the biosphere – Land, Water, and Air.

7. Checkpoint Questions! Answer on White Boards
Can a group of rabbits and a group of field mice make up the same population in an ecosystem?
No, because individuals that make up a population must be of the SAME species.

8. Checkpoint Questions! Answer on White Boards
Could a biome in Brazil near the equator be the same as a biome in northern Canada? Explain.
No, because those two biomes would have different climates and different dominant communities.

9. Biotic and Abiotic Factors

10. Biotic
Describes something living or once living in an environment.

11. Abiotic
Describes non-living factors in an environment.

12. Checkpoint Questions! All biotic and abiotic factors are interrelated.
All of the rocks are removed from a desert ecosystem, what would happen to the population of rock dwelling lizards and in turn the animals which eat them?

13. Checkpoint questions!
A ten mile area of trees is removed from the tropical rainforest. How will this affect the amount of water and the amount of oxygen in the area?

14. Terrestrial vs. Aquatic
Land vs. Water

15. Terrestrial
Ecosystems found ONLY on LAND

16. Aquatic
Ecosystems found ONLY in WATER

17. Food Chain
Series of steps in an ecosystem in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten.

18. Arrows represent ENERGY

19. For inspiration

20. FOOD WEB
A network of complex interactions formed by the feeding relationship among various organisms.

21. Arrows represent ENERGY

22. For Inspiration

23. Trophic Level Each step in a food chain or food web.
Trophic level 1 – Autotrophs
Trophic level 2 and up – Heterotrophs

24. Biomass
Is the total amount of LIVING tissue within 1 given trophic level.

25. Photosynthesis
Process by which plants and SOME other organisms can use light energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and high-energy carbohydrates such as sugars and starches.
(White Boards)

26. How did we figure out that photosynthesis ACTUALLY happens?!
How did we figure out that photosynthesis ACTUALLY happens?!

27. Chemosynthesis
Process by which some organisms such as certain bacteria, use chemical energy to make carbohydrates (food).

28. Bioenergetics
The study of energy flow through living systems.

29. Energy Pyramid
Shows the amount of energy passing through trophic levels.

30. 10 % Rule
An average of only 10% of the energy in one trophic level is passed to the next trophic level.
(white boards)

31. Why do you think only 10% of the total energy from one trophic level is passed on to the next trophic level?

32. ONLY 10% is passed on BECAUSE
Energy is “used up” for daily life activities.
Most energy is lost in the form of heat.

33. Questions (white boards & calculators)
1. Suppose that the base of this energy pyramid consists of plants that have 450,000 Calories of food energy. If all of them were eaten by mice how much food energy would be available to those first level consumers?

34. Questions (white boards & calculators)
2. If all the mice were eaten by snakes how much food energy would be available to the secondary consumers?

35. Questions (white boards & calculators)
3. If all the snakes were eaten by a hawk how much food energy would be available?

36. Questions (white boards & calculators)
4.How much of that gained energy would the hawk lose as heat?

37. Competition
Interaction between organisms, populations, or species in which birth, growth and death depend on limited resources.
(white boards)

38. Competition
What causes competition?

39. Predation
An interaction in which one organism captures and feeds on another organism.

40. Predator
An animal that hunts or preys on another organism. (plant or animal)

41. Prey
Organism that is hunted and killed by another.

42. Simulation of relationship
Simulation of relationship

43. Answer in your notes Use books
1. What is a Niche?

44. Answer on white boards What does the definition of niche mean?
Practice Reading Comprehension

45. Answer in your notes Use books
2. What is the Competitive Exclusion Principle?

46. Answer on white boards
What does the definition of competitive exclusion principle mean?
Practice Reading Comprehension

47. Answer in your notes Use books
3. What is a resource?

48. Predator/ Prey Analysis

49. Any relationship in which 2 species live closely together.
Symbiosis
Any relationship in which 2 species live closely together.

50. 3 Types of Symbiosis Mutualism Commensalism Parasitism
Commensalism
Parasitism

51. Define the 3 types of symbiotic relationships in your notes.
Mutualism
Commensalism
Parasitism

52. Parasitism Involves a parasite and a host!
Parasite – An organism that lives in or on another and benefits by taking nutrients from the host.
Host – An animal or plant on or in which a parasite lives.