2. Lecture 1.1 Atomic Structure
The Discovery, Structure, & Periodic Table

3. `Opio will be able to… (Thursday Quiz Questions)
Use the periodic table to give the number of protons, neutrons, electrons, and properties of any element
2) Draw the atomic structure of a common element (ie: Lithium)
3) Memorize nicknames for the 30 most common elements

4. Discovery
How small are atoms?
1,000,000,000

5. Discovery
How Do We Know What They Look Like?

6. Discovery What Is It Like Not Knowing? Will We Ever Know?
What Do We Know?

7. Discovery 1895 – W.K. Roentgen, Germany
Certain minerals glow if hit by cathode rays
(Electron rays in your TV and computer!)
Some rays could pass through one mineral and make another one glow across the room!
He called them X-rays, a symbol for unknown

8. Discovery 1896 – Henri Becquerel, France
messes with X-ray emitting minerals & discovers Uranium is radioactive!

9. Discovery 1897 – Marie Curie, Poland
discovers other radioactive elements

10. Discovery 1899 – Ernest Rutherford, New Zealand
finds alpha & beta rays
they go to different magnets
gamma rays go straight

11. Discovery
1900s - Geiger & Marsden, Britain

12. Discovery 1900s - Geiger & Marsden, Britain Gold Foil Experiment
Most alpha particles pass straight through
Some scatter
Some bounce back

13. Structure

14. Structure

15. Structure
Protons (+)
Neutrons (no charge)
Electron cloud (-)

16. Drawing Elements

17. The Periodic Table

18. The Periodic Table
Which ones do you recognize?

19. The Periodic Table

20. The Periodic Table Rows
Atomic Mass Number (Protons)
Atomic Weight (Neutrons)
Electron Arrangement (Electrons)

21. The Periodic Table

22. The Periodic Table Columns
Metals
Non-metals
Metalloids
Halogens
Noble gases

23. The Periodic Table

24. Common Elements (and their abbreviations)
Aluminum Al
Argon Ar
Calcium Ca
Carbon C
Chlorine Cl
Copper Cu
Fluorine F
Gold Au
Helium He
Hydrogen H
Iron Fe
Lead Pb
Lithium Li
Magnesium Mg
Mercury Hg
Neon N
Nickel Ni
Nitrogen N
Oxygen O
Phosphorous P
Platinum Pt
Potassium K
Silicon Si
Silver Ag
Sodium Na
Sulfur S
Tin Sn
Tungsten W
Uranium U
Zinc Zn