1. THE ATOM

2. We will learn more about these numbers soon.
The Periodic Table
Atomic Number
Element Symbol
Atomic Mass Number
We will learn more about these numbers soon.

3. Powers of Ten Model Strings??? Quarks Subatomic Particles ex. protons
all matter is made of atoms
Pure Element
ex. Oxygen
Compound
ex. H2O
Mixture
ex. air
the matter all around you

4. The Sub-Atomic Particles
Atomic Structure
The Sub-Atomic Particles
The atom is made up of three Sub-Atomic Particles
Protons (+)
Neutrons (0)
Electrons (-)

5. Detailed Timeline of Discoveries
JJ Thompson
1897
Marie Curie
1896
Democritus
400BC
Detailed Timeline of Discoveries
CERN in 3 minutes
LHC Rap
Earnest Rutherford
1909
Niels Bohr
1913
Your Name Here
2020

6. Niels Bohr
Physicist
Soccer Star
Came up with the Bohr Model

7. Atomic Structure
The Nucleus
Nucleus – group of protons (+) and neutrons (0) in the center of every atom

8. Atomic Structure
The Electron Cloud
The negative electrons orbit the nucleus in the electron cloud.
The electrons in the electron cloud are organized into energy levels or shells.

9. Atomic Structure The 2-8-8 Rule The Electron Cloud
The 1st energy level can hold up to 2 electrons.
The 2nd and 3rd energy levels each can hold up to 8 electrons each.
As the number of electrons increases, more shells are added to make room.
The Electron Cloud - -

10. Practice
How many more electrons could the 3rd shell of this atom hold? -

11. Practice
How many more electrons could the 3rd shell of this atom hold?
5 more
2-8-8 Rule 2 - 1 3

12. Nitrogen’s Electron Configuration:
Atomic Structure
The Electron Cloud
Nitrogen’s Electron Configuration:
First level : 2 e-
Second level : 5 e-
Valance electrons- electrons in the outermost energy level
How many valence electrons does this Nitrogen atom have?
5 valance electrons

13. Practice -
How many valence electrons does this atom have?

14. Practice
How many valence electrons does this atom have? - 2

15. But if all elements are made up of atoms, what makes one element different than another?
If they are both just made of atoms, why is gold heavy and sparkly and oxygen completely different?