1. Aleksandar Kuzmanovic Northwestern University
EECS 110: Lec 16: Projects
Aleksandar Kuzmanovic
Northwestern University

2. The Rest of the Class… the view from here…
Wed., 5/24 – review for Final Exam
Fri., 5/26 – project recitations by TAs (10am)
Fri., 5/26 – project recitations (Wilkinson Lab) (1-3pm)
Sun., 5/28 – Interim milestones due (11:59pm)
Tue., 5/30 – project recitations (Wilkinson Lab) (9-12)
Wed., 5/31 – Final Exam
Fri., 6/2 – Final exam solutions (10am)
Sun., 6/4 – Final projects due (11:59pm)

3. vPool Text Clouds pyRobot picobot
EECS 110 today…
Today in EECS 110
All about the EECS 110 projects!
vPool Text Clouds pyRobot picobot

4. Final projects Working solo or duo is OK open-ended Final assignment
comprehensive
more choice…
Working solo or duo is OK
Pairs need to share the work equally and together

5. Billiard Ball (at least 2)
Option #1, vPool
Cue ball
Table
Billiard Ball (at least 2)
Cue (optional)
Hole (optional)

6. Option #1: virtual pool Easily installable for windows… VPython?
Not (really) installable for the Mac
A simple example
from visual import *
c = cylinder()
What's visual?
What's c?

7. What's the if/else doing?
Option #1: virtual pool
from visual import *
floor = box( pos=(0,0,0), length=4, height=0.5,
width=4, color=color.blue)
ball = sphere( pos=(0,4,0), radius=1, color=color.red)
ball.velocity = vector(0,-1,0)
dt = 0.01
while True:
rate(100)
ball.pos = ball.pos + ball.velocity*dt
if ball.y < ball.radius:
ball.velocity.y = -ball.velocity.y
else:
ball.velocity.y = ball.velocity.y - 9.8*dt
How many classes?
How many objects?
data members?
What's the if/else doing?

8. Option #1: virtual pool Phunky Fisicks is welcome!
Collisions with walls?
Collisions with other pool balls?
Pockets?

9. Option #1: virtual pool
To start, just design your table, try to construct a scene which consists of the following objects:
- table – made of walls, box objects
- holes (optional) – use sphere objects
- cueBall – another sphere
-cue (optional) – cylinder object
- billiard balls (at least 2) – sphere objects
- you also should take a look at label objects to
display game texts
After you place all the objects you should have something similar to …

10. Option #1: virtual pool

11. Option #1: virtual pool
Your main game loop should basically consist of:
while gameOver == False:
m = scene.mouse.getclick() #click event – cue hit
# get mouse position and give the cue ball a direction
# based on that
# perform movement of the cue ball as shown before
# handle collisions between different balls and
# between balls and walls
# check if game is over – when all balls have
# been put in

12. Option #1: virtual pool Directing the cue ball:
temp = scene.mouse.project(normal=(0,1,0), point=(0,-side,0))
this gets a vector with the projection of the mouse on the pool table.
if temp: # temp is None if no intersection with pool table
cueBall.p = norm(temp – cueBall.pos)
The cue ball direction is now given by the vector that results from the difference of the point where we clicked projected on the pool table and the actual position of the cue ball
So clicking in front of the cue ball will make it go into that direction.

13. Option #1: virtual pool Moving the cue ball:
dt = 0.5
t = 0.0
while dt > 0.1:
sleep(.01)
t = t + dt
dt = dt-dt/200.0
cueBall.pos = cueBall.pos + (cueBall.p/cueBall.mass)*dt
We basically start with a bigger movement increment (0.5), move the ball in the direction we computed with the specific increment.
Each time decrease the increment to account for drop in velocity. Stop at some point (0.1)

14. Option #1: virtual pool Handling collisions: With walls:
if not (side > cueBall.x > -side):
cueBall.p.x = -cueBall.p.x
if not (side > cueBall.z > -side):
cueBall.p.z = -cueBall.p.z
When hitting wall, change directions

15. Option #1: virtual pool When is a ball in?
if math.sqrt(math.pow(abs(ball1.x-hole1.x),2) + math.pow(abs(ball1.z-hole1.z),2)) <= hole1.radius*2:
ballin = 1
ball1.visible = 0
ball1.y = 50
Holes are just spheres so we determine intersection between ball and hole same way as for different balls.
When ball is in we do a few things:
Signal that a ball has been put in (might be useful later)
Make the specific ball invisible
Move it out of the way

16. Option #1: virtual pool Handling the game logic?
Need a way to keep track of players taking turns.
Suggestion: use a simple variable for that which changes after every hit (take into account if balls have been sunk or not)
Players need to be aware of the game flow, so show labels that display which player has turn, when the game was won and by whom
The game is finished when all the balls are in, that is when all the balls are invisible. You can use that for check.

17. Project #2: text clouds
tag cloud

18. Project #2: text clouds
text cloud
Summary of the words in a body of text, sized and painted according to their frequency.
Demo:
on:

19. Text-cloud history

20. Project #2: text clouds From text… Start with entered webpage (URL)
Read in text
Create list of words out of text
"Clean" the words
"Stem" the words
Count the words
Return a string with frequencies
Add advanced features…
Stem the words: remove the, a, or faster -> fast
… to cloud

21. Text Clouds, an example
project2/page1.htm
ignore this link for now
Spamming spammers spammed spam. Spam spam spam! I love spam! Page 2
['spamming', 'spammers', spammed', 'spam.', 'spam', 'spam', 'spam!',
'I', 'love', 'spam!', 'page', '2']
['spamming', 'spammers', spammed', 'spam', 'spam', 'spam', 'spam',
'love', 'spam', 'page', '2']
['spam', 'spam', spam', 'spam', 'spam', 'spam', 'spam',
'love', 'spam', 'page', '2']

22. Project #2: text clouds An Approach
Develop the basic application the usual way (IDLE)
Use our code to read HTML, but don't bother writing it yet…
Once you have things working, try writing HTML/searching beyond depth 1/etc (NEXT SLIDE)
Once you have everything working, transfer your .py files to your webspace. Set up the HTML wrapper files & go!
Personalize! The project has a number of references…

23. Project #2: searching beyond depth 1
An Approach (1/2)
def mtcURL(url):
toVisit[url] = 0 #toVisit is a dictionary
visited[url] = 1 #visited is a dictionary
returnText = ''
while len(toVisit) != 0:
[url, depth] = toVisit.popitem()
[textSite, listUrls] = getHTML(url)
def mtcURL(url):
    toVisit[url] = 0 #toVisit is a dictionary
/a dictionary that contains the list of URL's to visit. The value in toVisit is actually the depth at which the url was found
    visited[url] = 1 #visited is a dictionary
/a dictionary of urls that were visited before
    returnText = ''
/the text we will return
    while len(toVisit) != 0:
/while we still have urls to visit
       [url, depth] = toVisit.popitem()
/pop one url and the depth
       [textSite, listUrls] = getHTML(url)
/get the text and the list of urls from that website

24. Project #2: searching beyond depth 1
An Approach (2/2) …
for urlItem in listUrls:
if visited.has_key(urlItem) == False \
and depth < DEPTH:
visited[urlItem] = 1
toVisit[urlItem] = depth + 1
wordList = textSite.split()
for urlItem in listUrls:
/browse the urls in the list of urls returned
    if visited.has_key(urlItem) == False \
    and depth < DEPTH:
/check if we already visited the url and also if the depth is lower than what we are willing to go
       visited[urlItem] = 1
/put as visited
       toVisit[urlItem] = depth + 1
/increase the depth
wordList = textSite.split()
 /extract the words from the text.

25. Goal: get from Pt A to Pt B
pyRobot option #3
Pt A
2d Roomba simulator
Goal: get from Pt A to Pt B
Pt B 25

26. pyRobot option #3 IMPORTANT: ROBOT CAN START ANYWHERE! IMPORTANT:
Pt A
IMPORTANT:
ROBOT CAN START ANYWHERE!
Pt B
IMPORTANT:
GOAL CAN BE ANYWHERE

27. Project #3: pyRobot while True: SENSE [x,y,thd], bump = self.getData()27

28. Robot control continuously runs three things:
Project #3: pyRobot
while True:
Robot control continuously runs three things:
SENSE
PLAN
[x,y,thd], bump = self.getData()
if bump[0] == True or bump[1] == True:
print 'BUMP!',
print ' [Left bump sensor:', bump[0], '] ',
print ' [Right bump sensor:', bump[1], '] '
robotTask = STOP
STOP is one of the robot's states. Every 40th of a second, the robot runs through this loop, sets the robot's state and sets the velocities accordingly. Don't sleep! 28

29. Robot control continuously runs three things:
Project #3: pyRobot
while True:
Robot control continuously runs three things:
SENSE
PLAN
ACT
[x,y,thd], bump = self.getData()
if bump[0] == True or bump[1] == True:
print('BUMP!’)
print(' [Left bump sensor:', bump[0], '] ‘)
print(' [Right bump sensor:', bump[1], '] ’)
robotTask = STOP
STOP is one of the robot's states. Every 40th of a second, the robot runs through this loop, sets the robot's state and sets the velocities accordingly. Don't sleep!
if robotTask == STOP:
self.setVels(0,0)
robotTask = KBD 29

30. Project #3: pyRobot BASIC ROBOT COMMANDS: STOP: self.setVels(0,0)
GO FORWARD:
self.setVels(FV,0)
GO BACKWARD:
self.setVels(-FV,0)
GO CLOCKWISE:
self.setVels(0,RV)
GO COUNTERCLOCKWISE:
self.setVels(0,-RV)

31. Project #3: pyRobot To make the robot go forward a set amount use
The max forward velocity: FV
Example...
TIME_ONE_CIRCLE_OVER = RADIUS*2 / FV
the key point is that you keep moving by assigning TIMERS. You basically tell the robot when to stop.
if state==DO_GO_LEFT_LITTLE:
#FIGURE OUT HOW TO TRAVEL
pause_stop = time.time() + TIME_ONE_CIRCLE_OVER
State = GOING_LEFT_LITTLE
if pause_stop > time.time() and state==GOING_LEFT_LITTLE:
self.setVels(0,0) #STOP!
elif state==GOING_LEFT_LITTLE:
self.setVels(FV,0) #KEEP GOING!

32. Project #3: pyRobot
To rotate the robot use the Max Rotational Velocity: RV
Example...
TIME_ROTATE_90_DEGREES = 90.0 / RV
if state==DO_ROTATE_LEFT_DOWN: #c-cwise
#FIGURE OUT HOW LONG TO ROTATE
pause_stop = time.time() + TIME_ROTATE_90_DEGREES
State = ROTATING_LEFT_DOWN
if pause_stop > time.time() and state==ROTATING_LEFT_DOWN:
self.setVels(0,0) #STOP!
elif state==ROTATING_LEFT_DOWN:
self.setVels(0,-RV) #KEEP GOING!

33. Project #3: pyRobot One way to traverse the space is
GO DOWN UNTIL BUMP SOMETHING,
GO RIGHT A LITTLE
GO UP UNTIL BUMP SOMETHING GO RIGHT A LITTLE
DO THIS UNTIL HIT CORNER THEN
REVERSE....

34. Maps Required We may test on any map with rectangular objects
are set at the very bottom of the main.py file:
Required
We may test on any map with rectangular objects 34

35. Project #4: Picobot Returns!

36. Project 4: Picobot
Basic idea: implement Picobot (the homework problem from Week 1)
Picobot is a finite-state machine!
Requirements:
Graphical output
Read Picobot program from a file*
Read maze description from a file
Track visited/unvisited squares
Prohibit illegal moves

37. Reading a Picobot program from a file
map3.txt contains solution to the HW0 problem
Syntax:
0 xxxx -> N 1
0 Nxxx -> S 2
0 xExx -> W 3
0 xxWx -> E 4
0 xxxS -> N 1
0 xEWx -> N 1
...

38. Reading a Picobot program from a file
Importing map3.txt into the program
f = open('map3.txt', 'r')
text = f.read()
L = text.split()
f.close()
for i in range(len(L)):
if L[i] == '->':
if L[i-1] == 'xxxx':
#ETC

39. Graphics Library
Graphics22.py (recommended)

40. Graphics Library Graphics22.py (recommended)
You can use others as well:
E.g., vPython

41. Plotting a window from graphics22 import * def main():
win = GraphWin("MyWindow", 400, 400)

42. Plotting a yellow rectangle
from graphics22 import *
def main():
win = GraphWin("MyWindow", 400, 400)
p1 = Point(0,355)
p2 = Point(400,400)
rec1 = Rectangle(p1,p2)
rec1.setFill("yellow“)
rec1.setOutline("yellow")
rec1.draw(win)

43. Plotting an Exit button…
#Exit button
p1 = Point(122,360)
p2 = Point(198,390)
square1 = Rectangle(p1,p2)
square1.setFill("gray")
square1.draw(win)
p = square1.getCenter()
t = Text(p, "Exit")
t.draw(win)

44. Accepting a mouse click
… #loop while True: K = win.getMouse() if K.getX() > 122 and \ K.getX() < 198 and \ K.getY() > 360 and \ K.getY() < 390: win.close() exit("The end“)

45. Accepting a mouse click
… #loop while True: K = win.getMouse() if K.getX() > 122 and \ K.getX() < 198 and \ K.getY() > 360 and \ K.getY() < 390: win.close() exit("The end“)

46. Example Functions createOneRow( n ) createBoard(width, height)
done(X) #end of game: all visited in matrix X
next_state(Cstate,Icurr,Jcurr,X,STATE)
next_direction(Cstate,Icurr,Jcurr,X,DIRECTION)
main(nameOfFile)

47. What’s due? milestone.txt milestone.py
Sun., 5/28 – Interim milestones due (11:59 pm)
milestone.txt
milestone.py
Name(s)
Project chosen
Description of User Interface
What is your approach & plan?
Classes and functions with docstrings
lines of working, tested code

48. What’s due? final.txt final.py A final milestone
Sun., 6/4 – Final projects due (11:59 pm)
final.txt
final.py
Name(s)
Project chosen
Description of User Interface
How do we run / play your project?
What features did you implement?
What was your approach & plan?
Classes and functions with docstrings
Working, tested code
A final milestone

49. This and next week Wed., 5/24 – review for Final Exam
Fri., 5/26 – project recitations by TAs (10am)
Fri., 5/26 – project recitations (Wilkinson Lab) (1-3pm)
Sun., 5/28 – Interim milestones due (11:59pm)
Tue., 5/30 – project recitations (Wilkinson Lab) (9-12)
Wed., 5/31 – Final Exam
Fri., 6/2 – Final exam solutions (10am)
Sun., 6/4 – Final projects due (11:59pm)

50. Be inventive – we will reward that! Good luck with the projects!
Ask TAs for help
Good luck with the projects!