1. ADAM4EVE workshop on Adaptive Ship Hull Forms
June 4th, 2015
VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo

2. ADAM4EVE workshop on Adaptive Ship Hull Forms
Materials for hull-form adaptation
Dr Stephen Boyd
University of Southampton

3. Introduction Adaptive structures What about scale?
Aerodynamics – the automotive industry
Hydrodynamics – the marine industry
What about scale?
Are structural and material solutions available?
Adaptation of a hull form is not new – trim tabs on speed boats have been available for many years
Adaptation of aero-dynamic structures is also relatively common place – movable spoilers of cars

4. Introduction
ADAM4EVE investigated the potential structural and material solutions for the large scale adaptation of ship hull-forms
Two primary modes of adaptation were identified:
Global
Local
The potential solutions were analysed through a simple SWOT analysis

5. Global adaptation
Positive influence of bulbous bow design on the resistance characteristics of ship hulls
Usually designed for single design speed or maybe a small range of speeds
Global - Longitudinal change in bulbous bow
Global - Vertical pivot of bulbous bow
Global - Girth change in bulbous bow
Maisonneuve, J.J., Harries, S., Marzi, J., Raven, H.C., Viviani, U., Piippo, H., Towards optimal design of ship hull shapes, Proc, of the 8th International Marine Design Conference, 2003.
Strengths – Known to have an influence on efficiency & actuation technology is relatively mature
Weakness – large heavy structure to move
Opportunities – room for hydrodynamic performance evaluation and structural feasibility
Threats – large scale demonstrator is difficult & materials for junction between structural assemblies

6. Local Adaptation Local - Adaptable stern flap
Local - Adaptable panel in bow or stern region
Strengths - Potential for efficiency gains in a variety of areas & Fixed and small scale solutions already proven
Weaknesses – Hydrodynamic loading aft of the propeller & moving parts
Opportunities - Hydrodynamic and materials assessment & Large number of possible solutions for adaptation
Threats - Levels of adaptation achievable given materials and structural arrangement
Strengths - Improvement in propulsive efficiency
Weaknesses – Unknown efficiency benefits & Resistance to hydrodynamic loads
Opportunities - Hydrodynamic assessment and materials assessment
Threats – Levels of adaptation achievable & Levels of efficiency gain may be small
Strengths - Potential for efficiency gains in manoeuvring & Retrofit relatively easy
Weaknesses – Hydrodynamic loading relatively high and unsteady aft of propeller
Opportunities – Hydrodynamic and materials assessment & Large number of possible solutions for adaptation
Threats – Levels of adaptation achievable given materials & Levels of efficiency gain may be small
Local - Adaptable Rudder/propeller

7. Local adaptable panel

8. Flow resistor concept Un-inflated state Inflated state
Inflated actuators
Deformed membrane

9. Flow resistor concept

10. Flow resistor concept

11. Flow resistor concept

12. Technical Progress

13. Technical Progress

14. Adaptive rudder

15. Adaptive concept

16. Adaptive rudder

17. Bi-stable Composites
Finite element models of the influence of the high temperature curing provide theoretical deformation shapes
Material properties and physical dimensions are key

18. Bi-stable Composites Ansys STL file 3D scanned STL file
Difference between numerical and scanned panels (mm)

19. Bi-stable Composites
Incorrect ply thickness
0.39mm
0.31mm

20. Bi-stable Composites
Pos 1
Pos 2
Pos 3
Pos 4

21. The Project is funded in the Seventh Framework Programme of the European Union
Contract No.: SCP2-GA
Any Questions?

22. Hydrodynamic adaptation