1. Surveying and drawing schools and other small areas
A presentation compiled by Alan Goodall of “O-Look Map Services”
Mapping school sites
Surveying and drawing schools and other small areas

2. What sort of people take part in orienteering?
Serious athletes
Recreational participants
Runners, joggers and walkers
Disabled people
Individuals or pairs
Families
Children and school groups
Adults
Veterans

3. It’s a running sport – but it helps if you can read the map too!

4. Orienteers use special maps
They are detailed
and made to an international standard

5. Extract from the Trentham Gardens map

6. Six aspects of this subject
Why make a School site map?
Preparing to make a map
Simple surveying
Drawing and finishing maps
Printing or photocopying
Using the map as part of a progression in learning to orienteer

7. 1. Why map the school site ? It can allow an outdoor activity ON SITE
It should be a safe venue for orienteering beginners
It saves travelling time within the school timetable
It can allow instruction, practice & simple competition
It can allow progress to harder maps of other areas
Can be a stepping stone to involvement with an O-Club
The map may be multi-use in Geography, Maths etc

8. All Hallows High School o-map in Salford

9. PART 2 PREPARING to make a map

10. Before starting a new map
Find out what the map is likely to be used for
Check how many paces you take in 100 metres
Get permission to use and map the area
Decide what the title of the map should be
Obtain a suitable large scale “base map” or site plan
Find out if there are Copyright restrictions on the use of the base map

11. Preparing a base map Enlarge to a convenient size for surveying – A4?
Do not cut off the surrounding premises yet
Use them as reference points when surveying
Turn the base map so Magnetic North is at the top
Find out what scale it is at by measuring or pacing
You may need to enlarge or reduce the final scale

12. Deciding what goes on the map
Explore the area and make a list of possible features
Compare that list with features on a “real” O-map
Decide what to include and what to leave off
Decide what symbols to use in surveying
Decide what symbols to use on the final map
How far can the symbols be real O-map symbols?
Is the map to be in colour or black and white?

13. General principles All maps have to be generalised to some extent
Don’t be afraid to miss things off
Do not make the map over-detailed
Across the map be consistent in what you show
A map is mainly about SHAPES and POSITIONS
So don’t put too much writing on it

14. How is a map like a crocodile?!!

15. …..They both have SCALES!!!

16. PART 3 SURVEYING for a school map

17. Surveying – Look carefully and Draw as you go round the site
Draw extra detail onto the base map by eye
Delete features that have been demolished
To fix positions look for things that “line up”
See what comes half way along something else….

18. When surveying…. Look for clear “features” and possible “controls”...
Things that will be clear to see both on the map
And on the ground
Look for shapes
And sizes
And positions

19. Fixing position and direction
Work mostly “by eye”
When necessary your compass can indicate direction
Count double paces if you need to estimate distance
If measuring is essential try a “click wheel” or tape
Keep your drawing board orientated as you work
Check that you have not missed features off the map

20. PART 4 DRAWING the map

21. Drawing the map –
Scan your survey drawing and use a computer programme (preferably OCAD) for the cartography

22. Finishing the map properly with the customary marginal information: add -
Title
Scale bar
Key or “legend”
Date of survey
Names of map-makers
The base map used
A North Arrow
Possibly a border and a “control card”
Try for a “professional” look and a balanced design

23. PART 5 Printing or photocopying

24. Reproducing the map
Small print runs can be printed economically by laser colour printing
This produces better results than colour copying
It is better than an inkjet print which runs in the rain
Colour maps may need laminating for repeated use
Black and white photocopying is a cheap way to print
It requires sharp, clear, simple maps for good copies to be made
Photocopiers must be kept clean and the map be put in straight or poor maps will come out

25. Using the map as part of a progression

26. Think about using the map
What map games and simple orienteering courses could take place on your map?
Where would you site the controls?
How would you circle them onto the map?
What sort of control markers would be used?
Would you use any “build-up” games before introducing the map?

27. How might this sport be introduced?
On a plan of a room, hall or gym
On a model landscape
On a map of a sports pitch or playground
On a map of a School or Centre
It is IMPORTANT TO GO FOR A WALK WITH A MAP – maybe as a group – and to explain what we see

28. What is the first skill in orienteering
What is the first skill in orienteering? Getting the map the right way round!

29. Will your mapping support the development of Navigational Skills? -
Where am I?
Where’s that on the map?
Where should I go next?
What can I follow to get there?
How will I know when I have gone far enough?

30. A marker post for a “permanent course”