1. TENER & HACER
To express “TO BE”

2. Fill-in-the-blank
When “to be” means “to feel” and the subject is a person or an animal, “to be warm, cold,” etc., is expressed by using the verb tener.

3. Tener calor  to be warm or hot
Tener frío  to be cold

4. Tener hambre  to be hungry
Tener sed  to be thirsty

5. Tener sueño  to be sleepy

6. Tener pena  to be embarrassed
Tener vergüenza  to be ashamed or embarrassed

7. Tener miedo  to be afraid

8. There are other idioms that use the verb tener that you should know:
Tener ganas de  to feel like (doing something); to want to (do something
¿Qué tienes?  What’s the matter with you?
Tener que + verb  to have to do something

9. Tener cuidado  to be careful

10. Tener prisa  to be in a hurry

11. .
Tener … años  to be … years old. Tengo _____ años.

12. (No) Tener razón  to be right (wrong)

13. ¿Qué tiempo hace?  How’s the weather?
When “to be” describes the weather, most expressions use the verb hacer:
¿Qué tiempo hace?  How’s the weather?
Hace buen (mal) tiempo.  the weather is nice (bad).

14. Hace (mucho) frío.  It’s (very) cold.
Hace (mucho) calor.  It’s (very) hot/warm.
Hace fresco.  It’s cool (weather).
Hace viento/sol.  It’s windy/sunny.

15. The weather is not described with the verb estar
*The weather is not described with the verb estar. This verb describes the condition of objects or people:
El café está frío.  The coffee is cold.
El niño está caliente. Tiene fiebre.  The child is hot. He has a fever.

16. REMINDER:
“There is/are” is expressed with the verb Hay. The question “Is/Are there?” is expressed ¿Hay?.