1. ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
AOSIS/SIDS CONSULTATIONS
26 JULY - 4 AUGUST
APIA, SAMOA

2. PICCAP
US$4 million GEF funded through UNDP climate change enabling activity
3 year project regionally executed by SPREP, nationally executed by 10 Pacific Island countries
Integrated with CC:TRAIN, and received co-financing from World Bank, and NZ Government for V&A component

3. PICCAP composed of: GHG Inventories Mitigation Analysis
Vulnerability and Adaptation Assessments
National Implementation Plans
Initial National Communications

4. LESSONS LEARNED UNDER PICCAP
Essential initially to “invest” time and resources in the country teams
Ensure that national efforts focus on comprehensive V&A studies, although these take time and resources
Interpreting the V&A into sector/issue based policy development is complicated and requires much effort and resources

5. LESSONS LEARNED UNDER PICCAP
The development of V&A guidelines assisted countries in developing national statements that formed the basis of their V&A chapters of the N/C
The IPCC seven step methodology proved beneficial, but requires longer time frames for implementation to fully benefit countries. Relevancy was also needed.

6. LESSONS LEARNED UNDER PICCAP
Some N/C did not highlight adaptation options fully, however many highlighted the need to cover gaps in data and data management, that could provide a useful basis for determining adaptation options
Sector based adaptation options were more fully outlined by those countries whom had a fully active country team

7. LESSONS LEARNED UNDER PICCAP
Some countries in their N/C highlighted the need to develop appropriate indicators covering climate induced change
Some N/C were developed without full participation of a wide band of stakeholders, both Govt and Non-Govt

8. Adaptation is not new
Historically climatic changes and variations have occurred naturally
Humans have had to adapt to those changes as well as those brought on by their own lifestyles
On small islands pressures to adjust to change have been critical to survival

9. KNOWLEDGE ON ADAPTATION INCREASES
Previous - during the 70’s and 80’s
Current - during the 90’s and 2000
Future - over the next decade

10. Previous Understanding Science - emerging IPCC - not formed
new in terms of climate change
limited knowledge
Science - emerging
IPCC - not formed
Activities - very little

11. Current Understanding Science - more comprehensive
increased, and complex nature
Science - more comprehensive
Policy - development beginning
Linking science and policy - emerging
Developing responses - emerging
UNFCCC - V&A, and National Communication

12. Future Understanding - increased
Science - more comprehensive and focused
Policies - detailed development
Linkages - strengthened
Responses - formulated
Implementation - national, possibly pilots

13. APPROACHES TO ADAPTATION
TOP DOWN APPROACH
BOTTOM UP APPROACH
Both approaches should be used together to compliment a wider understanding and development of responses

14. FOCUS OF TOP DOWN APPROACH
Planning and institutional arrangements
Capacity building initiatives
Transfer of technologies and assessment
Implementation mechanisms

15. FOCUS OF A BOTTOM UP APPROACH
Enhancing local capacity
Community and Private Sector assessment initiatives
Incorporating traditional knowledge
Community and Private Sector implementation mechanisms

16. POSSIBLE INTEGRATED APPROACH
Planning and Options - National consultations
A Capacity Building Tool-Box for Adaptation
Integrated Community and Private Sector Level Assessment
Implementation - Utilising mechanisms and undertaking pilot projects.

17. PLANNING AND OPTIONS
National consultations to ensure stakeholder participation
Country Teams are coordinators
Drafting of workplan, scoping, and financing

18. A CAPACITY BUILDING TOOL-BOX
Awareness raising and enhanced understanding
Professional training on adaptation assessment
Technical capacity development, eg, on Regional Integrated Assessment Models - such as PACCLIM

19. COMMUNITY/PRIVATE SECTOR ASSESSMENT
Develop a draft methodological framework
Case studies application
Building capacity at community/private sector levels primarily through awareness raising and short seminars
Methodology allows for “up-scaling”

20. IMPLEMENT ADAPTATION MEASURES
Selected pilot projects targeting national planning and policy development processes, and selected priority sectors
Can also include “pilots” on community and household measures

21. EVALUATION Evaluation covers two primary areas and scope:
the design, development, and implementation of an adaptation project
the adaptation measure evaluation, covering process, consultation, pilot projects

22. LINKAGES WITH UNFCCC Progresses further with assessment
Enables inclusion of community/private sector - improves their understanding and strengthens ownership
Enables improved understanding on Stage II and III Adaptation, ie, the “how” and “implementation” stages
Influences negotiations on Adaptation