1. Integrated Circuits

2. Integrated Circuits History tubes and valves
transistor Bell Labs, Holmdel, NJ

3. IC Families
How logic gates are configured…
TTL
CMOS

4. IC Families TTL - Transistor-Transistor Logic
CMOS - Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor

5. IC Families TTL - Transistor-Transistor Logic
74xx designation, i.e., 7447,7490, etc. digital devices
Requires 5 volt supply (max. 5.5 volts)
moderately high current draw
Includes 74Lxx & 74LSxx designations (74L47, 74LS47) that have significantly lower current requirements

6. IC Families CMOS - Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor
4000 designation, i.e., 4001, 4511, 4517, etc.
Works within a range of voltage: 3-15 volts
Low current requirements
slightly higher cost than TTL
very sensitive to static charges (it ruins them)

7. 555
Introduced in 1972
Can accurately time from seconds to 11,000 seconds (just over 3 hours)
Uses external capacitor and 1 or 2 resistors to control timing
Output is always a digital signal (on-off square wave)
Contains 28 transistors, 12 resistors
Requires volts
Will switch 200mA

8. 555 Timer
555 1 8
DIP chip
Dual
In-Line
Pins 2 7 3 6 4 5
top view

9. 555 Timer
555
Ground (-) 1 8
+5 to +15VDC 2 7 3 6 4 5
top view

10. 555 Timer 555 High state output is always 1.7V less than supply
Output is 9V supply
555 Timer
555
Ground (-) 1 8
+5 to +15VDC 2 7
Output 3 6 4 5
top view

11. 555 Monostable timing “One shot” timing One stable state (off)
Switches on for duration of time then goes back to stable (off) state

12. 555
Astable timing
No stable state (keeps flip-flopping between states)
On time called “mark”
Off time called “space”
Mark-space timing can be adjusted with external capacitor and two resistors

13. Monostable circuit 555 +9VDC R1 = 470K R2 = 1K 7 8 6 4 2 3 1 LED
C1 = 47mf
R3 = 330

14. Monostable circuit 8 4 1 7 6 2 3 8 7 1 2 3 6 5 4 +9VDC +9VDC R2 = 1K
C1 = 47mf
R3 = 330
LED
555 8 4 1 7 6 2 3
+9VDC
R2 = 1K
R1 = 470K
C1 = 47mf
R3 = 330
LED
555 8 7 1 2 3 6 5 4

15. Monostable circuit Timing Control Components 555 +9VDC R1 = 470K8 6 4 2 3 1
LED
C1 = 47mf
R3 = 330

16. Monostable circuit Output Components 555 +9VDC R1 = 470K R2 = 1K 7 8 63 1
LED
C1 = 47mf
R3 = 330

17. Monostable circuit 555 Note LED polarity +9VDC R1 = 470K LED R2 = 1K 78
R3 = 330 6 4 2 3 1
Note LED polarity
C1 = 47mf