1. Topic Outcomes By the end of this topic you will:
- have studied the different types of energy
- be able to produce energy transfer flow diagrams
- understand and use the principle of conservation of energy
- understand and use new terminology

3. Energy transferred by electrical currents
Electrical Energy
Energy transferred by electrical currents

4. Energy of moving objects
Kinetic Energy
Energy of moving objects

5. Gravitational Potential Energy
Energy due to an objects position in a gravitational field

6. Energy produced by nuclear reactions
Nuclear Energy
Energy produced by nuclear reactions

7. Energy produced by vibrating objects
Sound Energy
Energy produced by vibrating objects

8. Energy produced by radiant objects
Light Energy
Energy produced by radiant objects

9. Thermal Energy
Energy produced by any object with a temperature above absolute zero
(-273°C)

10. Elastic Potential Energy
Energy stored in springy objects when squashed or stretched

11. Chemical Energy
Energy stored in fuels (including food) that is released when chemical reactions occur.

12. Torch

13. Torch
Chemical
Energy
Electrical
Energy
Light
Energy

14. Torch Chemical Energy Electrical Energy Light Energy Heat Energy +
Useful energy
Wasted energy

15. Energy Transfer Circus
Object
Energy input
Useful Energy output
Wasted Energy
Circus of transfer examples : cell and lamp, candle, nails in a tin, generator, motor, peltier cell (uses heat from warm water to create voltage), Kettle, solar panel on calculator, etc.

16. Fan heater

17. Hair Dryer

18. Car

19. Microphone

20. Food

21. Clock Work Toy

22. Drums

23. Nuclear Power Station

24. Bouncy Ball

25. How can we represent energy transfers?
All the energy transfers (useful and wasted) that are associated with a device can be represented by a Sankey diagram.
A Sankey diagram uses arrows to represent all the output energies.
The thickness of each arrow is proportional to the amount of energy involved at that stage.

26. How can we represent energy transfers?
100 J
electrical
energy
(input)
90 J
heat energy
(wasted)
10 J light
(output)
Filament light bulb

27. Energy efficient light bulb
How can we represent energy transfers?
20 J electrical energy is supplied to the bulb, 10 J light energy is output. Calculate the wasted energy output What form is it in? Copy and complete the diagram.
Energy efficient light bulb

28. Kinetic and Potential Energy
How will the skydivers kinetic energy change during the fall?
How will the skydivers potential energy change during the fall?
What is the relationship between the two forms of energy?

29. 𝐸 𝑃 =𝑚𝑔ℎ Gravitational Potential Energy
The Equation for Gravitational Potential Energy (GPE) is
𝐸 𝑃 =𝑚𝑔ℎ
Height
Mass
Gravitational Field Strength
GPE
[m]
[kg]
[J]
[ g = 10 m/s2]

30. 𝐸 𝐾 = 1 2 𝑚 𝑣 2 Kinetic Energy The Equation for Kinetic Energy is
Velocity
Mass
[m/s]
[J]
[kg]