1. Module 6 Save our world
Unit 3 Language in use

2. Grammar
在一个单词前或后加上一个词缀，就可以构成一个新词。 根据词缀的位置，分为前缀和后缀两种。掌握一些常见的词缀，对单词的记忆和理解有很大的帮助。比如：我们学会care, 就能掌握careful, careless, carefully, carelessly。下面我们来学习几个常见的前、后缀：

3. 前缀：
1. 表示否定意义 “无，不”的前缀：
un-
in-
dis-
im-
il-
unfair, unhappy
inactive, inhuman, indirect
disagree, disappear
impolite, impossible
illegal

4. 前缀：
2. 表示程度、大小的前缀：
super-
over-
mini-
under-
superstar, supermarket,
superman, superpower
overhead, overeat, overuse
minibus, miniskirt, minicar
underground, underdevelop

5. 前缀：
3. 表示 “再”的前缀：
re-
rewrite, reuse, recycle
4. 表示 “向，背”的前缀：
pro-
anti-
pro-Chinese, pro-American
anti-war(反战), anti-pollution

6. 前缀：
5. 表示 “整个、完全”意思的前缀：
al- 表示“完整，完全” ：alone, almost,
over-表示“完全，全” ：overall,
overflow(充满)

7. 后缀：
常见的后缀：
–able表示“可能，易于，适合于”，
构成形容词，如：renewable, eatable(可吃的)，lovable(可爱的)， comfortable, movable(可移动的)

8. 后缀：
2. –ful 表示“充满...的，具有...性质
的”，构成形容词，如：helpful,
hopeful, powerful ,useful, careful,
beautiful
3. –less 与-ful 相反，表示“少的，不足
的”，构成形容词，如：helpless,
hopeless, powerless, useless, careless

9. 让我们来看一些不改变词根的基本意义，而是改变了词性的后缀。
1.动词变名词：
-ation
-ment
-al
-ee
-er
-or
satisfaction, education, realization
development, movement
arrival, refusal
trainee, employee
teacher, worker
visitor, sailor

10. 2.形容词变名词：
-ness
-ity
-ism
happiness, meanness, carelessness
ability, possibility
Marxism, criticism
3. 名词、形容词变动词：
-ify
-ize
-en
beautify, simplify
realize
quicken, widen, sharpen

11. 4.名词变形容词： -y
-ish
-some
-ous
-ful
windy, rainy, sandy
foolish, feverish
handsome, troublesome
dangerous, humorous
helpful, careful, peaceful

12. We can easily find such scenes everywhere in big cities.

13. People is trying to deal with rubbish now.

17. 1. Make new words. Join the words in Box A with the parts of words in Box B.
A care collect done hope possible
usual used wanted waste
B -able -ful im- -less re- un-
careful
full of care _______________

18. 1 can be collected__________
2 not done__________
3 full of hope____________
4 without any hope_______
5 not possible_________
6 not usual___________
7 not used____________
8 used again___________
9 not wanted____________
10 making a lot of waste________
collectable
undone
hopeful
hopeless
impossible
unusual
unused
reused
unwanted
wasteful

19. 2. Match the underlined words with their meanings.
1 Polluted water is not
healthy.
2 It’s something we can
use again.
3 The water in the river
was very dirty.
4 It’s not true that we
don’t listen to students.
5 It was not possible to
clean up the whole river.
6 The people on the mountain
top were not comfortable. c
a reusable
b uncomfortable
c unhealthy
d unclean
e impossible
f untrue a d f e b

20. 3. Complete the table. Noun Verb Adjective Adverb ---- energetically
environment
hopelessly
national
pollute
seriousness
unusualness
unusually
waste
worry
electricity
electric
energy
energetic
environmentally
environmental
hope
hope
hopeless
nationally
nation
pollution
polluted
serious
seriously
unusual
waste
wasteful
wastefully
worry
worried
worriedly

21. 4. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in Activity 3.
energetically
1 They are working very______________
to reduce waste.
2 The situation is_________. We can’t do
anything to make it better.
3 The factory________ the river, and the
fish died.
4 We don’t often walk in the country.
It’s a(n)_________ activity for us.
5 Don’t______. Everything will be all right.
6 Don’t use so much water. It’s very_______.
hopeless
polluted
unusual
worry
wasteful

22. 5. Work in pairs and talk about the picture.
1 What kind of things can be recycled?
2 How can these things be reused?
3 How does this help the environment?
4 Do you ever recycle, or use recycled material? How?

24. 6. Read the ideas on protecting the environment
6. Read the ideas on protecting the environment. Put them in the correct column in the table.
a Don’t buy anything made from endangered animals or plants.
b Glass bottles and newspapers can be taken to recycling centers and reused.
c Don’t boil more water than necessary.
d Don’t take new plastic bags from the shop reuse your old ones.
e Turn off lights when you don’t need them.
f Use a bicycle or walk instead of using the car.

25. Waste Pollution Wildlife
Now listen and check.
Waste
Pollution
Wildlife c b a e d f

26. 7. Listen again and answer the questions.
1 Why should you reuse plastic bags?
2 Name two advantages of using a bicycle or walking instead of using a car.
Because they are hard to recycle.
There is no pollution and it’s a good
kind of exercise.

27. 3 Why did some animals die out?
4 How can we stop some people trying to kill or sell endangered animals and plants?
Because people have cut down a lot
of trees and polluted the rivers.
Never buy anything made from
endangered animals.

28. 8. Work in pairs. Discuss the question.
Which of the ideas do you think you
would find easiest / most difficult to
use in your everyday life? Why?

29. 9. Complete the conversation with the correct form of the phrases in the box.
be good for hear of look after
throw away turn off worry about
Mike: I hear you're off to the Caribbean
for a holiday! Lucky you! But aren't
you(1)_____________the dangers of
such long flights on the environment
Ken: Why should I be worried?
Mike: Planes cause a lot of pollution.
worried about

30. Ken: I know, but what can I do about it? I
already try my best to protect the
environment. I recycle, I don't just
(2)___________things if I don't want
them any more. I (3)___________the
lights when I leave a room. Don't tell
me we shouldn't travel by plane any
more.
Mike: No, of course not. But we can do
something topr0tect the envir0nment.
Have you (4)____________
futureforests.com?
throw away
turn off
heard of

31. It's an environmental group.
It helps to (5)___________trees. By
planting more trees, we can help
keep the air clean, because trees (6)
____________the environment. In
this way, we can reduce the dangers
of pollution.
Ken: Good! So I can enjoy my holiday,
and When I come back, I’ll plant
some trees!
Mike: That's the idea! Maybe we can all
join in and start a small forest!
look after
are good for

32. Discussing what you can do about pollution
Module task
Discussing what you can do about pollution

33. Work in groups. Decide what type of pollution you want to talk about.
Choose something that is very important
to you. It could be water pollution, air
pollution, waste, cutting down forests,
etc.
Find out a bit more information about
your subject. Look it up on the website
or in books.

34. Discuss your topic.
Take it in turns saying what you think
about the problem and What can be done.
Listen carefully to what the others say. If
you agree with what they’ve said, say “I
agree”, “That’s true” or “That’s a good
point”; if you don’t agree, say “I’m sorry
but I disagree. I think that ...”
Make a summary of what you have said
and tell the class.

35. Goodbye!