1. Folk vs Popular Culture

2. AIM: How does cultural bias impact our study of other cultures?
Do Now: What is culture? Create one example of material and non-material culture
Learning Objectives
Analyze an anthropology study to identify cultural traits of the Nacirema People
Discuss how cultural biases might impact our study of cultural geography

4. AIM: How do refugees Prepare for their new country?
Do Now: If you are a refugee moving to a new country, what might you do in preparation? What might you miss?
Learning Objectives
Analyze a documentary to better understand the plight of Sudanese refugees
Identify and apply 5 course concepts to the documentary

5. “god grew tired of us” questions
Why did the Lost Boys leave?
What hardships did the Lost Boys face?
Fully trace the migration of the Lost Boys
Identify 5 course concepts in the movie. Explain how the course concept fits in the movie
EX: Refugee: The Lost Boys are refugees because they had to flee their home or be killed.

6. AIM: How do we distinguish between pop and folk culture?
Do Now: What is culture? Come up with three examples of culture.
Learning Objectives
compare and contrast folk and pop culture by taking notes
Identify and evaluate potential threats to folk culture

7. the body of material traits, customary beliefs, and social norms that defines the distinct tradition of a people.

8. Difference between habit and custom.
A Habit is a repetitive act performed by an individual.

9. A Custom is a repetitive act performed by a group.

10. Customs Include:
Behavior
Clothing
Music
Food
Sports…

11. Breaking down culture
Material Culture: objects or things made and used by group members
TANGIBLE things: art, clothing, musical instruments, buildings, etc
Nonmaterial culture: beliefs, values, etc

12. FoLK CULTURE
Anonymous heaths (may be multiple hearts acting independently)
Origin stories, unknown dates
passed on for generations
Practiced by small, homogeneous groups living in rural/isolated areas
Values tradition, community, and “the old way”
Strong Clan Structures
Associated with a sense of place
Generally self-sufficient

13. Folk culture examples:
Amish food and building techniques
Native American traditions and religions
Bluegrass music
Wearing the Sari in India
Native Hawaiian Culture
Folklore: oral stories passed down

15. Popular culture

16. What is popular culture?
Urban hearth
Usually from developed country (NA, Europe, Japan)
Mass produced
Relationships more numerous, but less personal
Weaker clan network
Secular institutions take place of maintaining order
Individualism stressed
Influence of mass media

18. Diffusion of folk culture
Smaller scale and slower transmissions from one location to another primarily through relocation diffusion (migration)

19. Distribution of folk culture
Combination of local physical and cultural factors influence distinctive distributions.
Isolation from other cultures because of physical barriers —e.g., distance and mountain ranges
Religion

20. Distribution of folk culture
Widely distributed across many countries with little regard for physical factors
Principal obstacle to access is lack of income to purchase the material (technology, fashion, etc)

21. Diffusion of folk culture
Tends to be transmitted by way of hierarchical diffusion
Diffuses rapidly and extensively from hearths or nodes of innovation with help of modern communications

22. Pop Culture Hearths TECHNOLOGY- MUSIC- MOVIES- FASHION-
‘Silicon Valley’
MUSIC-
Motown (soul), Nashville (country), urban centers (hip hop)
MOVIES-
Hollywood, Bollywood
FASHION-
NYC, Paris, London, LA

23. AIM: How do folk cultures survive?
Do Now
classify the following as material and nonmaterial culture
men being perceived as more powerful than women
Democratic gov
Different types of
Houses

24. Syncretism The melding of a newer culture with a folk culture
How are the Amish an example of this?

26. Folk music VS Pop Music Generally transmitted orally
Focuses on daily activities
Created with a consumer purpose
Originated in early 1900s with vaudeville/ minstrel shows
Diffused rapidly with radio
English=international language
Folk Music
Pop Music

27. Minstrel/ Vaudeville shows
1830’s white men dressed in blackface to imitate/parody black music, dance, and culture
After the civil war black men participated in minstrel shows
Some of the first popular songs
Originated here like “Oh, Susannah”

28. Minstrel shows continued
Come listen all you galls and boys I'se jist from Tuckyhoe, I'm goin to sing a little song, My name is Jim Crow Fist on de heel tap, Den on the toe Ebry time I weel about I jump Jim Crow. Weel about and turn about En do jus so, And every time I weel about, I jump Jim Crow.

29. Folk Music: Translated version of Shosholaza, a South African folk song
Go forward from those mountains on this train from South Africa You are running away

30. Folk Music: Appalachian music
Borrows heavily from African-Americans
Hearth: Appalachian region
Country music originates here and becomes pop culture

31. K-Pop Band EXO

32. Key terms Cultural trait: single attribute of a culture
Bowing to show respect
Not always unique to one culture
Culture complex: combination of all culture traits
No two cultures have the same complex
Culture regions: regions that include places and people with similar cultures
Bounded by perception

33. Cultural convergence and divergence
Cultural convergence: two cultures adopt each other’s traits and become more alike
Cultural divergence: occurs when two cultures become increasingly different
Often occurs when one group moves away

34. Acculturation and assimilation
Acculturation: Occurs when two cultures come into contact with one another and the “weaker” of the two adopts traits from the more dominant culture
Assimilation: When the original traits of the weaker culture are completely replaced by more dominant culture
Sometimes acculturation leads to assimilation

35. ELECTRONIC MEDIA is responsible for the diffusion of popular culture throughout the world.

36. Electronic Media is a rapid agent for diffusion of culture across the Folk-Popular divide.
By accessing such media, people in FOLK settings can be exposed to the tenets of current popular material culture.

37. At the same time, elements of FOLK culture can become POPULAR by being diffused through electronic media.

39. Lack of $$$ for electronics Restrictions on Media in some countries
Principal obstacle to accessing popular culture is lack of access to electronic media.
Lack of $$$ for electronics
Restrictions on Media in some countries

41. Most important media format to spread popular culture is TV for two reasons.
Watching TV is most popular leisure activity in the world.
TV is most important mechanism for rapidly diffusing popular culture around the world.

43. DIFFUSION of TELEVISON
Mid-20th Century,
TV technology originates in multiple hearths
USA UK
Germany
Soviet Union

44. With its booming postwar economy, the UNITED STATES embraced the television like no other country could. While most other countries were shattered by war, the US middle class was flush with disposable income.
By 1954, the US had 86% of the 37 million television sets in the world.

48. In 1995, the United States accounted for 57% of global internet users.
Diffusion of the Internet: The new millennium
Diffusion follows pattern established by TV but at a MUCH FASTER RATE.
In 1995, the United States accounted for 57% of global internet users.
By 2011, US users accounted for only 10% of global internet use.

49. People in the developing world who embrace folk culture might feel challenged by electronic media and its diffusion of popular culture.
Some governments and leaders fear the effect of these messages on their people.
Threats to FOLK CULTURE by electronic media come in two forms:
INTERNAL
EXTERNAL

50. Developed Countries Control the Int’l Media
External Threats to Folk Culture
Developed Countries Control the Int’l Media
All 25 of the biggest broadcasting companies are in the West.
Leaders of developing countries could view this dominance as imposing American/western values:
Upward social mobility
Freedom for women
Glorification of youth
Stylized violence

51. The NEWS
Many African and Asian government officials criticize freedom of the press in the United States.
To ‘counter’ Western media, many countries in Africa and some in Asia have state-run news agencies, station which project a gov’t-sponsored POV.

52. A North Korean man in Pyongyang receives the news from a gov’t run news station. All international media outlets are banned and blocked in North Korea.

53. Limiting Access to TV
Aside from running their own stations, some gov’t ban or block certain stations.
Satellite dishes enable wide and unrestricted access
Their signal can’t be blocked
They can be removed and hidden
They can reach remote areas

55. Internal Threat: Social Media
Some governments attempt to limit Internet content including:
Political Content
Opposition to local government
Social Content
Socially sensitive material, such as gambling or sex
Conflict and Security
Armed conflict, border disputes, or militant groups
Internet Tools
, Internet hosting, and Internet searches

57. Arab Spring and social media

58. In 2011, countries throughout the Arab world ignited with revolution against corrupt leaders.
Frightened leaders shut down traditional media, like TV and radio, but they couldn’t control SOCIAL MEDIA. Protests spread, driven by posts and tweets that allowed protesters to organize.
Cell phone cameras allowed protesters to broadcast their experiences to the world.