1. SQL in Oracle

2. Set up Oracle access at IU
You need to install Oracle Client:
For windows:
Connecting to Oracle with SQL*Plus
Go to Start->All programs->Oracle->Application Development->SQL*Plus
Your username should be:

3. Relational Model Data stored in relations (tables) attributes
(or columns)
course_ID
course_name
department_ID
CIS3100
Database
CIS
CIS4500
Network
MKT3400
Advertising
MKT
MKT4100
Marketing
tuples
(or rows)
course

4. SQL Data Definition Language (DDL) Data Manipulation Language (DML)
CREATE TABLE
ALTER TABLE
DROP TABLE
Data Manipulation Language (DML)
INSERT INTO
SELECT
UPDATE
DELETE

5. SQL Basic structure – query block SELECT – FROM – WHERE clauses
GROUP BY clause
HAVING clause
ORDER BY clause
Aggregate functions
COUNT, MIN, MAX, AVG, SUM

6. SQL in Oracle SQL*Plus Start SQL*Plus
Command line interface to access Oracle database
Enter, edit, store, retrieve, and run SQL statements
Start SQL*Plus
Go to Start->All programs->Oracle->Application Development->SQL*Plus
Your username should be:

7. SQL*Plus Commands
DESCRIBE: list the columns with data types of a table
EXIT: exit the SQL*Plus program
GET: load a SQL statement into the buffer
LIST: list the current statement in the buffer
RUN: execute the current SQL statement in the buffer
SAVE: save the current SQL statement to a script file
SPOOL: send the output from a SQL statement to a file
START: load a SQL statement located in a script file and then run that SQL statement
Commit: save your input from buffer to disk.
Note the distinction between SQL*Plus Commands and SQL statements.

8. Example student_id name major GPA 101 Bill CIS 3.45 102 Mary 3.10 103
Sue
MKT
3.90
student_id
course_id
grade
101
CIS3100 A
CIS3500 B+
102 A-
CIS3400
103
MKT3000
MKT3200 B
MKT4200
course_id
name
department_id
CIS3100
Database
CIS
CIS3400
Network I
CIS3500
Network II
MKT3000
Advertising
MKT
MKT3200
Marketing I
MKT4200
Marketing II

9. DDL in Oracle Basic data types CHAR(size) VARCHAR2(size) NUMBER(p, s)
DATE
BLOB/CLOB
See:

10. DDL in Oracle CREATE TABLE ALTER TABLE DROP TABLE
CREATE TABLE student (
student_id NUMBER(10),
name VARCHAR2(25),
major VARCHAR2(15),
CONSTRAINT pk_students PRIMARY KEY (student_id) );
ALTER TABLE student ADD (GPA NUMBER(6,3));
DROP TABLE student;

11. DML in Oracle INSERT UPDATE DELETE SELECT
INSERT INTO student VALUES (101, 'Bill', 'CIS', 3.45);
UPDATE student SET GPA=3.55 where student_id=101;
DELETE FROM student where student_id=101;
SELECT * FROM student;

12. Create tables

13. Queries SELECT * FROM course WHERE rownum<=3;
SELECT * FROM enroll WHERE grade=‘A’;

14. Queries
SELECT * FROM student WHERE student.student_id=(SELECT enroll.student_id FROM enroll WHERE grade='A-');
SELECT student.name FROM student, enroll WHERE student.student_id=enroll.student_id AND enroll.grade=‘A’;

15. Sorting and Grouping
SELECT * FROM enroll ORDER BY grade, course_id; SELECT major, max(gpa) FROM student GROUP BY major HAVING max(gpa)>3.40; SELECT DISTINCT grade FROM enroll;

16. Joining tables
SELECT student.name, enroll.course_id, enroll.grade FROM student INNER JOIN enroll ON student.student_id=enroll.student_id;

17. Joining tables
SELECT * FROM student LEFT JOIN enroll ON student.student_id=enroll.student_id;

18. Joining tables
SELECT * FROM student RIGHT JOIN enroll ON student.student_id=enroll.student_id;

19. References www.oracle.com Oracle tutorial: