1. Objective: to be able to create punnett squares and predict probabilities of the outcome
11.2

2. Probability Probability: how likely it is for something to happen
Ex: coin flip= 1 out of every 2 flips should be heads=1/2 or 50%
If a coin is flipped 3 times how likely is it to be heads every time?
1/2x1/2x1/2= 1/8

3. Punnett Square
Probability can be used to predict outcome of genetic crosses
Punnett Squares= used to predict
The parents are on the top and side of the punnett square and the offspring are in the middle of the punnett square.

4. One parent
T= tall
t= short
T t TT Tt tt T t
One parent

5. Homozygous:
both alleles are the same TT or tt
Heterozygous:
both alleles are different Tt
Phenotype:
what the trait appears the be (tall or short)
Genotype:
what the alleles are (TT, Tt, tt)

6. When you cross 2 heterozygous organisms: you always get ¼ TT, ½ Tt, and ¼ tt.
Probabilities are more accurate the more organisms you are comparing
Ex: coin flipping is going to be 1/2 , but you are more likely to see this the more coins you flip.