1. Sovereignty –Monistic Theory

2. TWO ASPECTS OF SOVEREIGNTY
INTERNAL SOVEREIGNTY
EXTERNAL SOVEREIGNTY

3. CHARACTERISTICS OF SOVEREIGNTY
Originality
Permanence
Absoluteness
Exclusiveness
Universality
Inalienability
Indivisibility
Unity
Imperscriptibility

4. DIFFERENT KINDS OR FORMS OF SOVEREIGNTY
NOMINAL OF TITULAR SOVEREIGNTY AND REAL SOVEREIGNTY
DE-JURE AND DE-FACTO SOVEREIGN
LEGAL SOVEREIGNTY
POLITICAL SOVEREIGNTY
POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY

5. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN POLITICAL AND POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY
It is vague concept
Popular sovereignty is not organised
Lack of legal sanction behind it
Absence of legitimate coercive power with people

6. THEORY OF LIMITED SOVEREIGNTY
Natural Rights
Natural Laws
Religion
Constitution
Customs and Convention
International law and Treaties
Public Opinion
Limitations put by different Associations

7. CHARACTERISTICS OF AUSTIN’S THEORY OF SOVEREIGNTY
Sovereignty is an essential element of the State
Sovereignty in the state must be Determinate
Receives habitual obedience from the bulk of Society
Sovereignty is Unlimited
Sovereign is the only source of Law
Sovereignty id Indivisible

8. CRITICISM OF AUSTIN’S THEORY
Sovereignty is not always Determinate
Sovereignty is Divisible
Power of the sovereign are not Unlimited
Laws are not always the command of the Sovereign
Laws are obeyed because of their Utility

9. Hindrance in the way of international co-operation
It is against democratic Principles
Austin ignores Political Sovereignty
It is dangerous Theory
This theory is against the principle of Equality
Criticism of this theory by pluralists

10. IMPORTANCE OF AUSTIN’S THEORY OF SOVEREIGNTY
State us only source of Law
Laws are enforced only by the State
Stress on Unity
Associations are not equal to the State