1. Satellite-derived global scale biomass burning products
ACCENT/GEIA workshop – Paris – April 2005
Jean-Marie Grégoire

2. Helicopter view - Australia
SPOT-VGT 1 km resolution – RCA Sudan border - ~ 500 km x 500 km

3. NOAA-AVHRR ( ~ 2 pm )
SPOT-VEGETATION ( ~ 10 am )
Northern Australia June 1999

4. 2 Nov. 1999 7 Nov. 1999 12 Nov. 1999 Fire product Detection
Progression
Quantification
Active fire 2 1
~ 0
Burnt area 5 4 3
2 Nov. 1999
7 Nov. 1999
12 Nov. 1999
SPOT-VGT ; Sudan ; Sud Darfour (Buram) ; ~ 400x400 km

5. Global scale fire products derived from EO systems
Existing
Under development
Active Fires (“hot spots”)
IGBP-JRC Global Fire Product (GFP)
ESA World Fire Atlas (WFA)
TRMM
NASA MODIS Active Fire
Burnt Areas
JRC et al., Global Burnt Area 2000 (GBA2000)
ESA GLOBSCAR
Active Fires (“hot spots”)
ESA et al., GLOBCARBON
Burnt Areas
JRC et al., VGT4Africa
JRC et al., GEOLAND

6. Satellite derived global fire products
Product name
EO system
product type
Resolution
sensor
product
Time step sensor
Coverage
Period
Source
Documentation
TRMM
TRMM-VIRS
fire (day & night)
2.2 km
0.5 degree
day
month
+/- 40° (from equator)
Jan. 98 to
mid-04
NASA
Giglio et. al. 2000, IJRS(21)
WFA
ERS-ATSR,AATSR
ENVISAT-AATSR
fire (night)
1 km
Globe
July 1996 to
now
ESA
IGBP-GFP
NOAA-AVHRR
fire (day)
day & 10-day
April 1992 to December 1993
JRC
Dwyer et al., 1999, J. Biogeography (27)
From May 1st:
MODIS Active Fire
AQUA,TERRA-MODIS
250 m
lat long position
~ 2001
MODIS team

7. Densité des feux dans la zone inter-tropicale durant l’année 1998
source: TRMM ((Tropical Rainfall Mapping Mission)

9. Satellite derived global burnt area products
Product name
EO system
product type
Resolution
sensor
product
Time step
Coverage
Period
Source
Documentation
GBA2000
SPOT-VGT
burnt area
1 km
1 km2
day
month
Globe
Nov. 99 to
Dec. 00
JRC
Tansey et al., 2004, JGR(109) & Climatic Change (67)
GLOBSCAR
ERS-AATSR
2000
ESA
Simon et al., 2004, JGR(109)
GBA
NOAA-AVHRR
5 km
8 km2
week
1982 to
1999
Carmona-Moreno et al., 2005, Global Change Biology (in press)

10. Area burnt globally in 2000 and seasonal distribution: the GBA2000 product
source: Tansey et al., 2004, Climatic Change, 67

11. Satellite derived fire products: under development
Product name
EO system
product type
Resolution
sensor
product
Time step
Coverage
Period
Source
Documentation
GLOBCARBON
ERS, ENVISAT, SPOT-ATSR,AATSR,VGT
fire (day & night)
burnt area
1 km
???
day
month
Globe
ESA
VGT4Africa
SPOT-VGT
1 km2
10 days
Africa
from 2005
JRC
from May 1st:
GEOLAND
= GLOBCARBON
Africa & Eurasia

12. Inter-comparison of global fire products: World Fire Atlas (WFA)
GLOBSCAR
GBA2000
Boschetti et al., 2004
Geophy. Res. Letters
Vol. 31

13. Total annual burned area estimated at  3.5 million km2
> 600,000 burn scars detected

14. Seasonal distribution of burning activity in Africa
Total annual burned area estimated
at  2.6 million km2
> 300,000 burn scars detected
Seasonal distribution of burning activity in Africa
for the Year 2000

15. Global scale land cover products derived from EO systems
Existing
Under development
Land cover
IGBP-DIS …
University of Maryland …
JRC et al., Global Land Cover 2000 (GLC2000)
Land cover
ESA et al., GLOBCOVER-v1
JRC-ESA, GLOBCOVER-v2
NASA MODIS

16. M (…) = Area . Biomass . Burning efficiency. Emission factor
Globe: ~ 400 millions hectares burnt in 2000
Med. Basin: ~ hectares
Dry tropical grass savanna: ~ 2 tons/hectare
Moist tropical savanna: ~ 10 tons/hectare
Boreal forest: ~ 20 tons/hectare
Moist tropical forest: ~ 40 tons/hectare
~ 25% forest -- ~ 80% savanna
Woodland & forests
~ 1600 g CO2 / kg biomass
Grasslands
~ 1700 g CO2 / kg biomass
Fuel: T. ha-1 ????
“pixels” burnt per vegetation type
Area burnt per vegetation type: ha