1. breeding pipeline optimisation
1. What are the costs of current breeding operations
Cost of land on research stations
Cost of off station trials
Cost of planting operations
Cost of agronomy
Cost of harvesting operations
Cost of travel to sites (allowances, fuel, accommodation)
Fertilizer DAP (e.g. 20kg)
Field labour (1 day)
Land rental (per hectare)
Fuel for vehicles (USD / litre)
Vehicle maintenance (USD / year)
Cost of land preparation (USD / hectare)
Electricity costs (USD / year)
Glasshouse costs (USD / year)
Laboratory consumables – pathology (USD / year)
Laboratory consumables – quality (USD / year)
Accommodation at field sites (USD / day)

2. 2. What are the costs of current breeding support services
Cost of pathology screens
Cost of quality screens
3. What are the limitations to the size of the program
Budget limitations
Limitations to amount of land for trials and nurseries (land prep, amount)
Limitations to access to labour (quantity, quality, cost)

3. 4. What other activities are being conducted by the breeding group outside of core breeding activities
What other projects are being conducted by the breeding team out outside of the main breeding program (e.g. agronomy trials, various external donor funded research, what proportion of people’s time goes to these projects)
5. What partnerships are important to the breeding program (Nationally and internationally)?
Describe the level and type partnerships with other organizations (universities state R&D providers)
Describe the level and type of collaboration/partnerships with international (Eg CGIAR) breeding institutions

4. 6. What do the current breeding pipelines look like?
Number of crosses
Number of rows of segregating populations
Number of off season nurseries
Number of on and off station trials and number of entries at each stage
Number of variety verification trials and number of entries
Number of rows of increase for breeder and pre-basic/foundation seed

5. Prioritisation decision
Trait
Score
Target agro-ecology
Altitude; Rainfall
Market size
#households; %area
Farmer
Small/large holder
Customer
% export; %local
Yield potential
%above std check; %above local check
Maturity
Late/medium/early (Days)
Diseases
Major diseases
Seed size
Small; medium, large (100SW or mm)
Seed colour
White, red etc
Quality
Soaking time; cooking time
Prioritisation decision
E.g. High priority due to market size (currently very important market segment and production area (??%))
High cost pipeline due to quality and disease screening required and multi-environment trial testing for yield
High likelihood of success
Include in final set of product concepts.
Proportion of total program breeding effort: xx% (likely to be high and in proportion to production area?)

6. Example of breeding pipeline for product concept
Harvested
Planted
~100 crosses to be targeted (need 3-6 seeds per cross)
P ~40
Main season crossing (increase number of parents from 20 to 40) 1
~30-35 seeds from 1 F1 plant (resulting in between F2 seeds)
F1 ~100
Off season (LH) generation advance
Single plant selections bulked (naturally occurring disease, agronomics) or bulked pods
F2 ~100
4m x 2 rows (80 plants/plot) 2
Single plant selections bulked (naturally occurring disease, agronomics) or bulked pods
F3 ~100
4m x 2 rows (80 plants/plot)
Harvest plants per cross (naturally occurring disease, agronomics) F
4m x 4 rows (160 plants in a plot) 3
Bulk harvest plot (uniformity, agronomics, naturally occurring disease)
F4:
4m x 2 rows
Selection based on YLD, agronomics, disease – single plant and whole row bulk (top 25%)
4m x 2 rows, p-rep, 3 locs + sick-plot + parents (2m x1-2 rows) 4
F4:6 (ON) [+introduced]
Selection based on agronomics, disease, quality (top 25%)
4m x 4 row plots; p-rep; 3-6 locations 5
F4:7 (PVT)
Seed increase & maintain 6
NVT
4m x 4 row plots; 2 reps; up to 14 locations
Seed increase & maintain
Selection based on yield, agronomics, disease, grain quality 7
NVT
4m x 4 row plots; 2 reps; up to 14 locations
Seed increase & maintain
2 candidate varieties + 1 check 8
VVT ~3
10m x 10 row plots; up to 15 locations (10 OF, 5 RS)
Pre-release seed multiplication
Off season relies on furrow irrigation