1. Push and Pull Factors of Migration

2. Objectives
Today we will be able to identify the push and pull factors of migration, as well as the obstacles in the way of migrating populations.

3. Key Terms Migration – A permanent move to a new location
A specific type of relocation diffusion
Emigration – Migration from a location
Immigration – Migration to a location
Net Migration – The difference between the number of immigrants and the number of emigrants
If # of immigrants > # of emigrants = positive net migration; visa versa
Mobility – All types of movements
Circulation – Short term, repetitive or cyclical movements.

4. Why do people migrate? Most people migrate for economic reasons.
Cultural and environmental factors also induce migration.

5. Push and Pull Factors of Migration
People decide to migrate because of push and pull factors
Push factors induce people to move out of their current location
Pull factors induce people to move into a new location.
Three major types of push and pull factors
Economic
Cultural
Environmental

6. Economic Push and Pull Factors
Economic push factors
Few economic opportunities in place of origin
Economic pull factors
Perceived economic opportunities in a new region or country
United States and Canada

7. Cultural Push and Pull Factors
Cultural Push Factors
Forced migration
African Slave Trade, African Diaspora
Political instability due to cultural diversity
Refugees – People who have been forced to migrate and cannot return for fear of persecution because of their race, religion nationality, memberhsip in a social group or political opinion (United Nations).
Cultural Pull Factors
Democratic countries that offer choice

8. Environmental Push and Pull Factors
Environmental Push Factors
Adverse physical conditions, harsh climates, natural disasters
Too little or too much water
Drought or floodplain
Environmental Pull Factors
Physically attractive regions
Mountains, seasides, warm climates, etc…

9. Intervening Obstacles
An environmental or cultural feature that hunders migration.
Environemtnal – Bodies of water, mountains, deserts.
Cultural – Obstacles of government and society.

10. Exit Ticket
What intervening obstacles were faced by the migrants in the vidoe?