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Triquarterly Review
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Mechanics Position – a space an object occupies
Distance/Displacement – a change in position Speed/Velocity – a change in distance/displacement over time Acceleration – a change in speed/velocity over time Force – a push or pull
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Forces Net Force – sum of all forces (not drawn on free body diagrams); causes an object to accelerate based on the object’s mass Friction – opposes motion due to contact between surfaces Normal – perpendicular to the surface an object rests/moves on Gravity – attraction between any two objects with mass Electrostatic – attraction or repulsion between any two objects with charge
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2-D (anything with angles)
Value of vector (resultant) Y-component (vertical) = Hypotenuse sin θ θ X-component (horizontal) = Hypotenuse cos θ Components of vectors are the pieces. When adding vectors, draw them head to tail. Use Pythagorean theorem for vectors AT 90° ANGLES.
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Projectiles Keep Horizontal Calculations separate from vertical calculations Horizontal: No acceleration, constant velocity v=d/t Vertical: Acceleration due to gravity (9.8m/s2), velocity starts at zero when dropped from a height (unless it is specifically given) For inclined projectiles, don’t forget to double the time for horizontal calculations! (time up and time down)
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Circular Motion Force and acceleration are centripetal (literally means TOWARDS THE CENTER) Velocity is tangent to circle To find distance, you need circumference…. v=d/t becomes v=2πr/t, because C=2πr
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Energy Work, Potential, and Kinetic are ALL energy, just in different forms. Friction will cause a loss in energy in the form of heat Without friction, energy can be fully converted fro potential into kinetic based on the height fallen or speed gained
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Static Electricity Current Electricity is not on exam
Know how to convert e to C and vice versa Conduction requires Contact Induction implies no contact (rearrangement of charge – ex: Balloon on wall) Neutral objects are attracted to any charged object Electric Fields are drawn based on what a positive charge would do in the space Electric Fields are uniform/constant between two charged parallel plates
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