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Status and Future Developments of TPC’s with MPGD readout systems

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Presentation on theme: "Status and Future Developments of TPC’s with MPGD readout systems"— Presentation transcript:

1 Status and Future Developments of TPC’s with MPGD readout systems
Paul Colas, Université Paris Saclay History, principle of operation Advantages New ideas with MPGDs Projects in progress Nuclear Physics Neutrino oscillations Neutrinoless dble b decay Dark matter search ILC Conclusions

2 Principle of operation
electrons are separated from ions t Ionizing particle The electrons diffuse and drift along the a E field E B y x A magnetic field reduces diffusion Localisation in time and in x-y 25/05/2017 TPC MPGD 2017 review - P. Colas

3 TPC MPGD 2017 review - P. Colas
Introduction Invented 40 years ago by Dave Nygren, the TPC concept (with wire chamber readout) was first applied in High Energy Physics: TPC 2g, LEP (ALEPH and DELPHI), neutrino cross-section measurements And then in studies of Quark-Gluon Plasma (very high multiplicity events: STAR, ALICE). Cryogenic gases were proposed as active medium (ICARUS) 20 years ago, the MPGD readout was proposed. It now finds dozens of applications 25/05/2017 TPC MPGD 2017 review - P. Colas

4 TPC MPGD 2017 review - P. Colas
Advantages Can cover a large volume with little matter and few electronic channels Allows continuous tracking Can provide the target 25/05/2017 TPC MPGD 2017 review - P. Colas

5 TPC MPGD 2017 review - P. Colas
Active target TPCs Active target challenges: Large range in ionization (from MIP to 5000 x more) 25/05/2017 TPC MPGD 2017 review - P. Colas

6 TPC MPGD 2017 review - P. Colas
Nuclear Physics Listed by E. Pollaco mid 2016 25/05/2017 TPC MPGD 2017 review - P. Colas

7 TPC MPGD 2017 review - P. Colas
Nuclear Physics Heavy ions : large multiplicities Upgrade ALICE : wires -> GEMs Challenge : large ion backflow. 20 to 25 TPC projects for Nuclear Physics 25/05/2017 TPC MPGD 2017 review - P. Colas

8 Neutrino oscillations Long baseline experiments
Huge Double-phase Argon TPCs are being built, equipped with LEMs/THGEMs, for the underground DUNE experiment. The final goal is kiloton (the largest TPC ever). Demonstrators of 3 m3, 6x6x6 m3, and an even larger one, are being built at CERN. Note: R&D still on-going for other concepts (ArgonCube :magnetized modular detector) 25/05/2017 TPC MPGD 2017 review - P. Colas

9 Neutrino oscillations Long baseline experiments
25/05/2017 TPC MPGD 2017 review - P. Colas

10 Neutrino oscillations: T2K Near Detector
Goal of the 280 m near detector : measure cross-sections and beam content in electron neutrino Includes 3 Micromegas TPCs 10 years of operation! 25/05/2017 TPC MPGD 2017 review - P. Colas

11 TPC MPGD 2017 review - P. Colas
Add 4 horizontal TPCs to the existing 3. Use charge spreading, new grounding scheme (mesh at ground). 25/05/2017 TPC MPGD 2017 review - P. Colas

12 Neutrino-less double-beta decay
Several projects in progress, mainly 136Xe TPCs 1 ton necessary Extreme radio-purity Very good energy resolution Good granularity for topological discrimination 25/05/2017 TPC MPGD 2017 review - P. Colas

13 TPC MPGD 2017 review - P. Colas
PANDA-X III In JinPing underground lab (Sechouan, China) Equipment of the first 200 kg underway. Probably Microbulk Micromegas Prototype field cage assembled 25/05/2017 TPC MPGD 2017 review - P. Colas

14 TPC MPGD 2017 review - P. Colas
Dark Matter search Many projects of WIMP search have already given results (see J. Galan’s talk) Future : go to lighter gas targets to explore low masses Become directional to beat the solar neutrino background 25/05/2017 TPC MPGD 2017 review - P. Colas

15 TPC MPGD 2017 review - P. Colas
ILC tracking 25/05/2017 TPC MPGD 2017 review - P. Colas

16 TPC MPGD 2017 review - P. Colas
ILD 4 technologies European GEMs Micromegas Standard kapton triple GEM with ceramic spacers Mesh on top of a charge-dispersing resistive anode GridPix Integrated grid on 55 µ digital pixels Asian GEMs Give record resolutions. New techniques to stretch GEM foils, to cool at room temp… 25/05/2017 TPC MPGD 2017 review - P. Colas

17 TPC MPGD 2017 review - P. Colas
gating Recently it was shown in a beam test that a Large Aperture gating GEM was transparent enough (with a few V across) to electrons, not to damage the resolution significantly (Yumi Aoki) 25/05/2017 TPC MPGD 2017 review - P. Colas

18 TPC MPGD 2017 review - P. Colas
X-ray polarimetry In the few-keV domain, the photo-electric effect dominates and the emitted electron direction keeps track of the polarization. Under study by several groups (R. Bellazzini et al., Hua Feng et al., Tsinghua group, O. Limousin et al., Saclay group with Calliste chip,…) Small-gap single-GEM or Micromegas NASA low-outgassing specifications 25/05/2017 TPC MPGD 2017 review - P. Colas

19 g – Ray Astrophysics and polarimetry
HARPO (Hermetic Argon Polarimeter) -> balloon phase (ST3G) -> satellite D. Bernard 25/05/2017 TPC MPGD 2017 review - P. Colas

20 TPC MPGD 2017 review - P. Colas
Conclusion MPGDs are now at the heart of increasingly many TPC projects. New techniques are being developped for these. Starting new projects (ALICE and other Nuclear Physics, polarimetry, T2K-II, Dark Matter search, Double-beta decay, ILC tracking…) will require expertise on MPGDs : long life to RD51! 25/05/2017 TPC MPGD 2017 review - P. Colas

21 THERE IS ALWAYS A TPC FOR YOU!
RADIOPURITY High pressure gas Low pressure Continuous readout LIQUID Atmospheric LEM/THGEM Spherical Cerenkov GEM Optical readout Ion Back flow cylindrical Micromegas Space charge dE/dx gating 25/05/2017 TPC MPGD 2017 review - P. Colas

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