Ch. 4 States of Consciousness Review

Ch. 4 States of Consciousness Review

A pattern of compulsive drug taking that results in tolerance, withdrawal symptoms, or other specific symptoms for at least a year.

A pattern of compulsive drug taking that results in tolerance, withdrawal symptoms, or other specific symptoms for at least a year. Substance Dependence

A natural state of rest characterized by reduction in voluntary body movement and decreased awareness of the surroundings.

A natural state of rest characterized by reduction in voluntary body movement and decreased awareness of the surroundings. Sleep

Chemicals that slow down behavior or cognitive processes. Alcohol, Barbiturates & Opiates.

Chemicals that slow down behavior or cognitive processes. Alcohol, Barbiturates & Opiates Depressants

Sleep disorder characterized by difficulty in falling asleep or remaining asleep throughout the night.

Sleep disorder characterized by difficulty in falling asleep or remaining asleep throughout the night. Insomnia

A depressant which is the most frequently used psychoactive drug in Western society.

A depressant which is the most frequently used psychoactive drug in Western society. Alcohol

Chemical substances that change moods and perceptions.

Chemical substances that change moods and perceptions. Psychoactive Drugs

Any number of drugs that distort visual and auditory perceptions. LSD, Mescaline, Peyote & Marijuana

Any number of drugs that distort visual and auditory perceptions. LSD, Mescaline, Peyote & Marijuana Hallucinogens

Ambulation (moving about) that occurs during sleep. Also known as Somnambulism.

Ambulation (moving about) that occurs during sleep. Also known as Somnambulism. Sleep Walking

Phenomenon whereby higher doses of a drug are required to produce its original effects or to prevent withdrawal symptoms.

Phenomenon whereby higher doses of a drug are required to produce its original effects or to prevent withdrawal symptoms. Tolerance

Sleep disorder characterized by breathing difficulty during the night and feelings of exhaustion during the day.

Sleep disorder characterized by breathing difficulty during the night and feelings of exhaustion during the day. Apnea

Drug derived from the coca plant that, while producing a sense of euphoria by stimulating the sympathetic nervous system, also leads to anxiety, depression, and addictive cravings.

Drug derived from the coca plant that, while producing a sense of euphoria by stimulating the sympathetic nervous system, also leads to anxiety, depression, and addictive cravings. Cocaine

Exists when a person must continue to take a drug to avoid withdrawal illness.

Exists when a person must continue to take a drug to avoid withdrawal illness. Physical Dependence

Hereditary sleep disorder characterized by sudden nodding off during the day and sudden loss of muscle tone following moments of emotional excitement.

Hereditary sleep disorder characterized by sudden nodding off during the day and sudden loss of muscle tone following moments of emotional excitement. Narcolepsy

Drugs derived from the opium poppy, that dull the senses and induce feelings of euphoria and relaxation.

Drugs derived from the opium poppy, that dull the senses and induce feelings of euphoria and relaxation. Opiates

Vivid visual and auditory experiences that occur primarily during REM periods of sleep.

Vivid visual and auditory experiences that occur primarily during REM periods of sleep. Dreams

Stimulant drugs that initially produce “rushes” of euphoria often followed by sudden “crashes” and, sometimes, severe depression.

Stimulant drugs that initially produce “rushes” of euphoria often followed by sudden “crashes” and, sometimes, severe depression. Amphetamines

Repeating a word or phrase to help one focus your attention.

Repeating a word or phrase to help one focus your attention. Mantra

A hallucinogen that produces a “high” often characterized by feelings of euphoria, a sense of well-being, and swings in mood from paranoia to relaxation; a mixture of dried plants, shredded flowers and leaves of the hemp plant.

A hallucinogen that produces a “high” often characterized by feelings of euphoria, a sense of well-being, and swings in mood from paranoia to relaxation; a mixture of dried plants, shredded flowers and leaves of the hemp plant. Marijuana

Usually displayed by younger children, a sleep disorder when a person can not control their speech abilities while sleeping.

Usually displayed by younger children, a sleep disorder when a person can not control their speech abilities while sleeping. Sleep Talking

Potentially deadly depressants, first used for their sedative and anticonvulsant properties, now used only to treat such conditions as epilepsy and arthritis.

Potentially deadly depressants, first used for their sedative and anticonvulsant properties, now used only to treat such conditions as epilepsy and arthritis. Barbiturates

Our awareness of various cognitive processes, such as sleeping, dreaming, concentrating, and making decisions.

Our awareness of various cognitive processes, such as sleeping, dreaming, concentrating, and making decisions. Consciousness

An adaptation to the 24 hour solar cycle of light & dark.

An adaptation to the 24 hour solar cycle of light & dark. Circadian Rhythms

Unpleasant physical or psychological effects that follow the discontinuance of a dependence-producing substance.

Unpleasant physical or psychological effects that follow the discontinuance of a dependence-producing substance. Withdrawal Symptoms

Any of the various methods of concentration, reflection, or focusing of thoughts undertaken to suppress the activity of the sympathetic nervous system.

Any of the various methods of concentration, reflection, or focusing of thoughts undertaken to suppress the activity of the sympathetic nervous system. Meditation

Drugs that stimulate the sympathetic nervous system and produce feelings of optimism and boundless energy. Amphetamines, cocaine, caffeine & nicotine

Drugs that stimulate the sympathetic nervous system and produce feelings of optimism and boundless energy. Amphetamines, cocaine, caffeine & nicotine Stimulants

Apparently effortless shifts in attention away from the here-and-now into a private world of make-believe.

Apparently effortless shifts in attention away from the here-and-now into a private world of make-believe. Daydreams

Mental states that encompasses the thoughts, feelings, and perceptions that occur when we are awake and reasonably alert.

Mental states that encompasses the thoughts, feelings, and perceptions that occur when we are awake and reasonably alert. Waking Consciousness

A form of nocturnal fright that makes individuals sit up in bed, often screaming in fear.

A form of nocturnal fright that makes individuals sit up in bed, often screaming in fear. Night Terrors

Addiction is a disease not a moral lapse which can be treated, but not cured.

Addiction is a disease not a moral lapse which can be treated, but not cured. “The Disease Model”

Trancelike states in which a person responds readily to suggestions.

Trancelike states in which a person responds readily to suggestions. Hypnosis

A hormone which promotes sleep.

A hormone which promotes sleep. Melatonin

A pattern of drug use that diminishes the ability to fulfill responsibilities at home, work or school- that results in repeated use of a drug in dangerous situations, or that leads to legal difficulties related to drug use.

A pattern of drug use that diminishes the ability to fulfill responsibilities at home, work or school- that results in repeated use of a drug in dangerous situations, or that leads to legal difficulties related to drug use. Substance Abuse

Mental states that differ noticeably from normal waking consciousness.

Mental states that differ noticeably from normal waking consciousness. Altered States of Consciousness

Sleep stage characterized by rapid eye movements and increased dreaming.

Sleep stage characterized by rapid eye movements and increased dreaming. REM Sleep

Exists when a person must continue to take a drug to satisfy intense mental and emotional cravings.

Exists when a person must continue to take a drug to satisfy intense mental and emotional cravings. Psychological Dependence

The End!

Ch. 4 States of Consciousness Review

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