1. Lecture 9 Technological Principles of Medical Instrumentation
6 October University
Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences
Department of Biomedical equipment and systems
Technological Principles
of Medical Instrumentation By
Dr. Eng. Hani Kasban Mahmoud
2019
Lecture 9

2. Medical Imaging Techniques
Lecture 9
CHAPTER 4
Medical Imaging Techniques
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
4.4
Ultrasonography
4.5
Elastography
4.6
Author : Dr. Eng. Hani Kasban A. Mahmoud / 2019

3. CHAPTER 4 Medical Imaging Techniques
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
Master
Controller RF
Amplifier
Gradient Coil
RF Coil
Magnet
Gradient Controller X Z Y
DAC
Receiver
Preamp
Author : Dr. Eng. Hani Kasban A. Mahmoud / 2019

4. CHAPTER 4 Medical Imaging Techniques
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
Author : Dr. Eng. Hani Kasban A. Mahmoud / 2019

5. CHAPTER 4 Medical Imaging Techniques
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
(a) MRI
(b) MRI (brain)
(c) fMRI (brain)
Figure (4-9): Example of MRI images
Author : Dr. Eng. Hani Kasban A. Mahmoud / 2019

6. CHAPTER 4 Medical Imaging Techniques
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
4.4.1 MRI Benefits
Noninvasive and painless.
Without ionizing radiation.
High spatial resolution.
Operator independent.
Easy to blind and ability to measure flow and velocity with advanced technique.
Can be performed without contrast (pregnancy allergy).
Good soft tissue contrast.
Author : Dr. Eng. Hani Kasban A. Mahmoud / 2019

7. CHAPTER 4 Medical Imaging Techniques
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
4.4.2 MRI Risks
Relatively low sensitivity.
Long scan and post processing time.
Mass quantity of the probe may be needed.
No real time information.
Cannot detect intra-luminal abnormalities.
Can make some people feel claustrophobic.
Sedation may be required for young children who can’t remain still.
Relatively expensive.
Author : Dr. Eng. Hani Kasban A. Mahmoud / 2019

8. CHAPTER 4 Medical Imaging Techniques
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
4.4.3 MRI Medical Applications
Examining the abnormalities of the brain and spinal cord.
Examining the tumors, cysts, and other abnormalities in various parts of the body.
Examining the injuries or abnormalities of the joints.
Author : Dr. Eng. Hani Kasban A. Mahmoud / 2019

9. CHAPTER 4 Medical Imaging Techniques
Ultrasonography
Author : Dr. Eng. Hani Kasban A. Mahmoud / 2019

10. CHAPTER 4 Medical Imaging Techniques
Ultrasonography
Figure (4-11) Examples of ultrasound images
Author : Dr. Eng. Hani Kasban A. Mahmoud / 2019

11. CHAPTER 4 Medical Imaging Techniques
Ultrasonography
Ultrasonography Benefits
Noninvasive and painless.
Without using ionizing radiation.
High resolution.
Real time information.
Sensitive to detect flow changes, intra and extra luminal abnormalities.
Ability to measure velocity.
Possible control of respiratory phases.
Author : Dr. Eng. Hani Kasban A. Mahmoud / 2019

12. CHAPTER 4 Medical Imaging Techniques
Ultrasonography
Ultrasonography Risks
No standardized guidelines.
Operator dependent.
Time consuming.
Blinding procedures are challenging.
Cannot perform global view of the veins.
Influenced by hydration status.
Author : Dr. Eng. Hani Kasban A. Mahmoud / 2019

13. CHAPTER 4 Medical Imaging Techniques
Ultrasonography
Ultrasonography Medical Applications
Checking the development of the fetus during pregnancy.
Imaging most structures of the head and neck,
Imaging the solid organs of the abdomen such as; the pancreas, aorta, inferior vena cava, liver, gall bladder, bile ducts, kidneys, and spleen.
Guiding the injecting of needles when placing local anesthetic solutions near nerves.
Author : Dr. Eng. Hani Kasban A. Mahmoud / 2019

14. CHAPTER 4 (con..)
Author : Dr. Eng. Hani Kasban A. Mahmoud / 2019

15. Many thanks
Dr. Eng. Hani Kasban
Questions?????