1. More notes on verbs: helping verbs
Forms of be:
Forms of have: is am
are
was
were be
been
being
have
has
had
having

2. More notes on verbs: helping verbs
Forms of do:
modals: Do
Does
Did
can could may might
must
ought
shall
should
will
would

3. And a few other things…
Words that look like verbs and end in –ing MUST HAVE a helping verb, or they are not acting as a verb.
Examples:
He was traveling across the country on his bicycle. (verb)
Traveling across the country on a bicycle took several months. (noun)
Sometimes helping verbs are separated from the main verb:
Example:
Have you not already asked that question twice?

4. Infinitives: not verbs
Infinitives are verb forms constructed by the word “to” followed by a stem form of a verb (or an “action word”): to go to remember to act to pretend to give to consider These are not verbs. They serve other grammatical functions. Do not confuse infinitives with prepositional phrases. “To” followed by a NOUN (“We went to school yesterday.”) or an ADJECTIVE (“We went to our old school yesterday.”) is a preposition which we will talk about later.

5. I love books and I love movies. I love (books + movies)  a(b + c)
ab + ac + ad = a(b + c + d)
The distributive property applies to English as well. Sometimes a word or phrase might apply to several items, but is only mentioned the first time. For example:
I love books and I love movies.
We can factor out the “I love” from the sentence above, and we are left with
I love (books + movies)  a(b + c)

6. More ab + ac + ad = a(b + c + d)
More examples: We asked to meet our friends and to go to the movies. Factor out the “to”: We asked to meet our friends and go to the movies. The second “to” is not needed; based on the construction of the sentence it is understood to be in front of the word “go.”

7. More ab + ac + ad = a(b + c + d)
More examples: He should have done the homework and should have given the proper response. Factor out the “should have”: He should have done the homework and given the proper response.